Biology Answers

1. Sketch the schemes:

a) - general transfer of hereditary information

b) - specialized transfer of hereditary information

c) -principles of DNA replication

d) - synthesis of leading and lagging DNA strands

9) It is known that the distance between nucleotides in DNA strands is 34 × 10-11m. How long is the 287 amino acid hemoglobin gene?

The polypeptide consists of the following amino acids: valine - alanine - glycine - lysine - tryptophan - valine - serine - glutamic acid - determine the amino acid sequence using the genetic code.

10) The initial section of the B chain of insulin is represented by the following amino acids: phenylalanine - valine - aspartic acid - glutamine - histidine - leucine - cysteine - glycine - serine - histidine. Determine the quantitative ratio of A + T and G + C in the DNA strand encoding this region of insulin.

7) The nucleotides are arranged in the following sequence: AAAGAACAC. How will the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain encoded by this region of the gene change if the first nucleotides are replaced in all codons: in the first codon A with G, in the second - G for A, in the third - C for T?

6) The biosynthesis of the polypeptide involved t-RNA with anticodons UUA, GGC, CGC, AAG, CGU. Determine the nucleotide sequence of the region of each strand of the DNA molecule that carries information about the synthesized polypeptide, and the number of nucleotides containing A, G, T, C in a double-stranded DNA molecule.

5) The translation process involved 30 t-RNA molecules. Determine the number of amino acids that make up the synthesized protein, as well as the number of triplets and nucleotides in the gene that encodes this protein.

4) Insulin protein - 51 amino acids. Find the number of nucleotides contained in the gene in which the insulin protein is programmed?

3) It is known that a certain gene of a eukaryotic cell contains 4 introns (two of 24 nucleotides and two of 36 nucleotides) and 3 exons (two of 120 nucleotides and one of 96 nucleotides). Determine: the number of nucleotides in the mRNA; number of codons in mRNA

2) The gene consists of 3 identical exons and 4 identical introns of the regions, and the introns consist of 120 nucleotides each, and the entire gene has 1470 nucleotides. How many codons will the pre-mRNA, each exon, mRNA have?