Biology Answers

What is the long-shot missing link between humans and other apes?

Explain the process using the following terms:

Viruses - antigens - macrophages - antigen presentation - plasma cells - antibodies - memory cells
Compare these processes with the reactions to a blood group intolerance.

Which of the following is not a common contaminating agent that contributes to high background signals in molecular diagnostic of infectious agents?

Antibody cross-reactivity
Inflammatory responses
Fungal spores
Retroviruses
Gram-negative bacteria

Diagrammatic representation of secondary growth in a dicot stem of four
years.

What is the role of energy from the sun in plants making its own food

Describe why is pluto a dwarf planet

Describe and illustrate the role of energy from the sun in plants making its own food, explaining concepts like producers, photosynthesis.

Critically discuss what causes seasons.

Which of the following substances can help protect the body from damage from outside sources?


Phytochemicals


Antioxidants


GMOs


HFCS

Question 10: Why do you think the protocol does not say to dissolve compounds directly in 1 liter of water?

Question 11: The PBS protocol above says to adjust pH to 7.4 with HCl. What does this imply on the pH of 10x PBS before adjusting the pH, would it be greater or smaller than 7.4?

Question 12: The last step in the protocol is to autoclave the 10x PBS solution. Why do you think this step is important? Look up the definition of autoclave if you are unsure what it means.

Question 13: Taking into account your response to question 5, now that you have made a 10x PBS solution, describe how you would prepare 1 liter of 1x working solution PBS, including which glassware you would use. Will you need to adjust the pH again?