Biology Answers

There are nine major phyla described - Mollusca, Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Echinodermata, and Chordata, which of these do you consider to be the most successful? Explain your rationale for measuring success (e.g. total numbers, numbers of different species within the phylum, adaptability, specificity etc) and choose a representative animal within that phylum and discuss which aspects of its physiology and lifestyle have contributed to its success.

the strand that is replicating continously in the 5' to3' diection is known as the leading and the other strand, known as the lagging strand, is replicated in short segments. The enzyme responsible for catalyzing elongation in. the 5' to 3' direction is ?

sketch a cell with three pairs of chromosomes undergoing meiosis, and show how nondisjunction can result in the production of gametes with extra or missing chromosomes.

of what type of protein are antibody molecules made?

The picture represents the excretory system.

The excretory system. X points to the part that connects the kidney to the bladder.

Which is represented by the X?

nephron
ureter
bladder
urethra

Which individuals, secretors or nonsecretors, would be a problem for investigating sexual assault cases? Why?

Discuss
the
ecological
and
behavioural
factors
that
prohibit
reptiles
fromDiscuss
the
ecological
and
behavioural
factors
that
prohibit
reptiles
from
migrating
vast
distances.
migrating
vast
distances.

List in a tabular form how Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia are
characterised according to heart structure and circulation pattern, nitrogenous waste
excretion and thermal control.

List ONE (1) limitation of the presumptive test. The Amanda Knox/Raffaele Sollecito case illustrates the misuse of a preliminary test whereby only one positive presumptive test for blood (luminol) was considered while ignoring negative results from another presumptive test, tetramethylbenzidine. Suggest how this can be overcome.

Sometimes “uncoupling proteins” are present in the inner mitochondrial membrane. When present these provide an alternative pathway for protons to re-enter the matrix. They “uncouple” the ETC from ATP synthesis. What is the result of this “uncoupling”? Give an example of when this might be beneficial.