Answer to Question #164121 in English for sang

Question

Read the given text. Summarize and paraphrase it effectively. Apply the strategies mentioned in the lesson.

 

A prerequisite to learner- and learning-centered philosophy is the recognition and consideration of the learners’ individual differences. Since successful second language learning cannot be attributed alone to cognitive factors, it is important to identify and understand the individual differences of the learners for a more effective and sensitive instruction. Individual differences refer to students’ different capabilities and ways of learning due to environment and heredity.

One of the components of individual differences that influence language learning is the student’s learning style. It refers to the students’ preferred mode for perceiving, organizing, and retaining information. From the many learning styles. Andreou et al. pointed out that the university students tend to favor tactile and kinaesthetic styles (2008). Moreover, it was also reported that the university students do not prefer passive learning and teachers controlling everything.

Another component of individual difference is a student’s type of intelligence. According to Sternberg’s triarchic theory of human intelligence, intelligence can be classified into analytic, practical, and creative information processing (1996). Analytic thinkers appear to put emphasis on high grades and test scores, follow directions but prefer to direct their own selves, and prefer to create their own ideas. They do not fit well in school is a form confinement. Finally, there are practical thinkers. Similar to creative thinkers, practical thinkers are intermediate to lower in terms of grade and test scores. They feel bored by formal instruction, prefer to apply ideas pragmatically and they tend to look for the practical use of tasks assigned to them.

These individual differences must be considered to understand each type of learner. Learning about them can help an educator adjust the method of instruction to effectively teach learners with different learning styles and types of intelligence.

Answer 1

A requirement for learner- and learning-centered philosophy is the recognition and consideration of the learners’ individual differences. Since successful second language learning cannot be attributed alone to cognitive factors, it is important to identify and understand the individual differences of the learners for a more effective and sensitive instruction. Individual differences refer to students’ different capabilities and ways of learning due to environment and heredity.

One of the components of individual differences that influence language learning is the student’s learning style. It refers to the students’ preferred mode for perceiving, organizing, and retaining information. From the many learning styles. Andreou et al. pointed out that the university students tend to favor tactile and kinaesthetic styles (Andreou et al., 2008). Moreover, it was also reported that the university students do not prefer passive learning and teachers controlling everything.

Another component of individual difference is a student’s type of intelligence. According to Sternberg’s triarchic theory of human intelligence, intelligence can be classified into analytic, practical, and creative information processing (Sternberg, 1996). Analytic thinkers appear to put emphasis on high grades and test scores, follow directions but prefer to direct their own selves, and prefer to create their own ideas. They do not fit well in school because school is a form of confinement.

Finally, there are practical thinkers. Similar to creative thinkers, practical thinkers are intermediate to lower in terms of grade and test scores. They feel bored by formal instruction, prefer to apply ideas pragmatically and they tend to look for the practical use of tasks assigned to them.

In brief, these individual differences must be considered to understand each type of learner. Learning about them can help an educator adjust the method of instruction to effectively teach learners with different learning styles and types of intelligence.