Biology Answers

Name and describe three challenges that animals faced when they
transitioned from water to land. (6 marks)

Let's tackle a couple of autoimmune diseases (diseases where our own body attacks itself) that impact the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The Lambert-Eaton Syndrome—an autoimmune disease marked by the destruction of presynaptic Ca2+ channels—and Myasthenia Gravis—an autoimmune disease marked by Acetylcholine (ACh) receptor destruction. What areas of the NMJ are affected by these two diseases? What is an appropriate treatment for these two diseases? Would more ACh help? Would more Ca2+ help? Would more AChE help?

Bt toxin is an intracellular or extracellular crystalline protein?

Name and motivate the most important evolutionary step which distinguishes amphibians from reptiles

in a closed container with plants,soil, sunlight, air and water what will happen to the carbon dioxide levels?

increase
decrease
stay the same

Which of the following provides evidence that glycolysis evolved before the eukaryotic cell evolved?

Question 2 options:

Evidence now supports the hypothesis that the first eukaryotic cell contained aerobic bacteria (mitochondria). The aerobic biochemical pathway found in mitochondria begins with the end product of glycolysis.


Glycolysis requires no oxygen; current evidence suggests that the original eukaryotic cell required oxygen (because it contained mitochondria). Geologic evidence supports the idea that the first cells on Earth existed long before oxygen levels began to build up.


In eukaryotic cells, most complex biochemical processes occur in or on membranous surfaces or organelles. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm and its enzymes are not attached to membranous surfaces.


All of the above.