Biology Answers

process of acit inflammation and morphologic pattern of acut inflammation

How the structure of enzyme halps in its function

Enzyme and proteins. How the structure of enzyme help in its function?

calculat your weakly diet in trem of its contents (micromolecules and micro nutrients ) and calories

How the structure of enzyme halps in its function

Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) is a commonly used buffer for experiments in biology because its pH and ion concentrations are similar to those in mammalian organisms. It works in a similar fashion to the blood plasma buffer mentioned in the textbook, but using dihydrogen phosphate ions and hydrogen phosphate ions for buffering through the following chemical reaction:

H₂PO₄^-(aq) ⇆  H⁺(aq) + HPO₄^2-(aq) 

The equilibrium arrows depict that the phosphate ion (H2PO4^-) is dissociating further into two component ions in solution, but at the same time H⁺ and HPO4^2- ions are combining simultaneously to form phosphate in solution. So, at any given point in time, and under the appropriate conditions, there is an equal quantity of dissolved ions and combined ions in solution. There is therefore always a hydrogen ion donor and an acceptor in solution.

Based on the equation above, which ion plays the role of hydrogen-ion donor (acid) and which ion plays the role of hydrogen-ion acceptor (base) in PBS? 

Differentiate between chordates and non chordates

List out the salient features of chordates

List out the salient features of chordates

1) Albinism is manifested in humans who inherited the recessive trait. What are the genotypes of the parents and offspring from the following families? Kindly please show your solution.

a. A non-albino father and an albino mother have 4 non-albino children.

• father's genotype:
• mother's genotype:
• offspring's genotype:

b. Both non-albino parents have 5 children, 4 albino, and 1 non- albino.

• father's genotype:
• mother's genotype:
• offspring's genotype:

c. An albino father and a non-albino mother have 7 children, 3 albino, and 4 non-albino

• father's genotype:
• mother's genotype:
• offspring's genotype: