Biology Answers

A fresh graduate student presented a research proposal on bovine Tuberculosis and strain identification involving conventional culturing techniques in your BSL2 laboratory, what is the hazard, characterize and evaluate the risk that either it is acceptable or not.

Describe the structure and function of the human transport system in terms of the following points.

Write a brief introduction. What makes up the cardiovascular system (CVS) i.e. the heart, blood vessels and blood. Finally, summarise its functions.

• Pipes and plumbing (blood vessels)

• Circulating materials (composition of blood and functions of

components)

• Pump and its control (heart and its controls [nerves])

Why is the counter-current system in fish gills more efficient than a parallel current flow?

The PAM matrices are considered nonreciprocal, meaning that the probability of changing an amino acid such as alanine to arginine is not equal to the probability of changing an arginine to an alanine. Why?

What is the difference between a cell well and a cell membrane?

Cell in culture are fed glucose molecules labled with 14C at carbon 2. Trace the radioactive label through one pass through the pentose phosphate pathway?

Glucokinase act as a glucose sensor in hepatocytes (liver cell), alpha and beta cell of pancreas , enterocytes(intestinal wall cells) and the hypothalamus (a control center in the brain of numerous physiological processes) .why glucokinase perform this reaction?( 3 marks)

What is the difference between an enol phosphate ester and a normal phosphate ester that gives PEP such a high phosphoryl group transfer potential? ( 3 marks)

Why is pyruvate is not oxidized to CO2 and H20 under anaerobic conditions?(2 marks)

How does glucose 6 phosphate act as a sensor for glycogen synthesis