Biology Answers

11. Indicate which type of bonds are involved in the following

a. Formation of the primary structure of a protein

b. Stabilization of the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet structures of proteins

12.Identify the biomolecular composition of the following cells

a.Endoplasmic reticulum

b.Mitochondria

c.Cytoskeleton

d. Nucleus

13 Under aerobic catabolism of glucose ,in which compartment of the eukaryotic cell does the following reaction occurs?

a conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

b.conversion of succinyl -CoA to succinate

c.conversion ofNADH to ATP.

d.conversion of phosphologlycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.

14. Briefly outline how ATP is generated from glucose in the absence of oxygen. What is the importance of this pathway?

15. Briefly explain the process by which excess dietary carbohydrates and lipids are stored in the human body

6.Name two key enzymes involved in substrate level phosphorylation reactions of glycolysis

7.Briefly explain how acetyl - CoA used for fatty acid biosynthesis is transported from the mitochondria to the cytosol and indicate the state (fed or fasted ) under which this can occur.

8. Briefly explain how enzymes decrease the activation energy of biochemical reactions

9.write the mechaelis -Menten equation for enzymes catalysis and define the parameters.

10 what are the differences between competitive, non competitive and uncompetitive inhibitions?

1. Name two major lipids constituents of cell membrane

2. What makes most membrane lipids amphipathic?

3.which organelle in eukaryotic cells is involved in lipids synthesis

4.How are dietary fats transported in blood

5. What metabolic pathway is used by red blood cells for energy?

In order to successfully transfer cloned genes into plant cells the binary vector must have

Study the floral dissection of Chrysanthemoides monilifera,record the floral features and compile a floral formula

Complete the blank

1-The extrinsic pathway in apoptosis is mediated by , while the intrinsic pathway is mediated by injury.

2- Caspases is a family of intracellular proteases dependent on              (which amino acid) that play a pivotal role in the apoptosis.

Can you simplely describe the functions of apoptosis in our body?

Can you simply describe the process of the extrinsic pathway in apoptosis?

Can you describe the differences in morphological features between necrosis and apoptosis?

Can you describe the characteristic of morphological features in apoptosis ?Can you describe the characteristic of morphological features in apoptosis ?