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Draw the structure of the tripeptide Ser-His-Asn in the ionic form that predominates at

pH 7. Show all atoms (including hydrogens) as well as any charges as necessary.


Freya begins her low carbohydrate diet, causing her blood glucose to drop. Homeostasis is restored by the increased release of release of glucagon from the?


Identify and define the symbiotic relationship down below. Reference each species in your answer.


The female spider hawk wasp stings and paralyzes spiders in order to lay their eggs in its body. The baby wasps then hatch and eat the still-living spider.





An XXX individual may be result of an abnormal complement of chromosomes in the egg or sperm. At what point of meiosis does this abnormality arise in female and in males? What is it due to? Make use of diagrams to explain your answers.


Primary spermatocyte with genotype AaBbee.

A & B loci are linked in cis configuration on long arm of an acrocentric chromosome.

E locus is on metacentric chromosome.

  1. Show chromosomes containing genes at Metaphase I, Telophase I & II using diagrams.      
  2. Show resulting Telophase I & II diagrams after crossover between A & B locus has occurred at Pachytene of Meiosis I.                                                                                                     

A primary spermatocyte has the genotype DdEe. These genes assort independently at Meiosis I. Show the chromosomes containing these genes at Metaphase I, Telophase I and Telophase II using diagrams. Diagrams must be clearly labelled and show metacentric chromosomes undergoing meiosis.                                                                                                         (8 x ½ = 4)

 


The common housefly has a haploid number of 6 consisting of 3 long chromosomes (one metacentric, one acrocentric, and one telocentric); 3 short chromosomes (one metacentric, one acrocentric, and one telocentric). Draw and label a typical housefly primary spermatocyte in Metaphase I and spermatozoa at Telophase II.   


A sexually reproducing organism has a haploid number of 4, consisting of two metacentric chromosomes and 2 telocentric chromosomes. Diagrammatically show the primary meiocyte in metaphase I, and the results of meiosis I and meiosis II.    


An important function of meiosis is to reduce the chromosome number to exactly half.

How is this done? What makes such a process necessary?     


If half the chromosomes of a human primary oocyte segregate into the first polar body, which degenerates, why aren’t some of the different kinds of chromosomes of the diploid chromosome complement absent from the egg? 


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