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A 4-stage pipeline has the stage delays as 150, 120, 160 and 140


nanoseconds respectively. Registers that are used between the stages have a


delay of 5 nanoseconds each.


Question: Assuming constant clock rate, calculate the total time taken to


process 1000 data items on this pipeline.

Suppose we introduce pipelining on this machine. Assume that when


introducing pipelining, the clock skew adds 7ns of overhead to the execution


stages.


i. What is the instruction latency on the pipelined machine?


ii. How much time does it take to execute 200 instructions?

Consider a nonpipelined machine with 5 execution stages of lengths 50 ns,


50 ns, 60 ns, 70 ns, and 50 ns.


i. Find the instruction latency on this machine.


ii. How much time does it take to execute 200 instructions?

A 4-stage pipeline has the stage delays as 150, 120, 160 and 140


nanoseconds respectively. Registers that are used between the stages have a


delay of 5 nanoseconds each.


Question: Assuming constant clock rate, calculate the total time taken to


process 1000 data items on this pipeline.

Suppose we introduce pipelining on this machine. Assume that when


introducing pipelining, the clock skew adds 5ns of overhead to each


execution stage.


i. What is the instruction latency on the pipelined machine?


ii. How much time does it take to execute 100 instructions?

Consider a nonpipelined machine with 6 execution stages of lengths 50 ns,


50 ns, 60 ns, 60 ns, 50 ns, and 50 ns.


i. Find the instruction latency on this machine.


ii. How much time does it take to execute 100 instructions?

How can multi-dimensional scalable architecture address the following:

a. Lack of inherent security

b. Lack of quality of service

c. Limitations in scaling

d. Limitations to support emerging networking paradigms


“The lack of support for emerging networking paradigms is a problem that cannot be tackled easily by employing existing techniques.” (extracted from p.269 of the prescribed textbook).

Search and study one Next‐generation Internet Architecture and then critically discuss how this architecture addresses the shortcomings in the internet architecture presented on p.268 of the prescribed textbook. Ensure that your discussion follows the following format:

A. Introduction

B. Explain what internet architecture is using an example.

C. Describe the Next‐generation Internet Architecture you have selected.

D. Explain how can the Next‐generation Internet Architecture address the shortcomings in the Internet architecture.

E. Conclusion.


Design an implementable routing and bridging solution for the network. Ensure that the solution must address the following design and operation aspects of all routers:

A. The functionality of the network layer.

B. Design and implementation of the data plane.

C. Design and implementation of the control plane.

D. Interconnection of networks using bridging systems.


Explain what internet architecture is using an example.


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