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(a) Show that the normal modes of the linear polarizer are linearly polarized waves

(b) Show that the normal modes of the wave retarder are linearly polarized waves

(c) Show that the normal modes of the polarization rotator are right and left circularly polarized waves

What are the eigenvalues of the systems described above?


An electromagnetic wave in free space has an electric- eld vector E = f(t - z/c0).x, where ^x is a unit

vector in the x direction, and f(t) = e^-t^2=2

e^j2pv0t, where y is a constant. Describe the physical nature

of this wave and determine an expression for the magnetic- eld vector.


a) Consider a silicon p-n junction at T = 300 K with doping concentrations of NA = 10^16 cm-3 . Given that the built-in voltage Vbi = 0.7 V, determine the doping concentration of the n-side of the junction


Describe image formation by a flat refracting surface and state the image location


Consider a silicon p-n junction at T = 300 K with doping concentrations of NA = 10^16 cm-3 . Given that the built-in voltage Vbi = 0.7 V, determine the doping concentration of the n-side of the junction.Β 



b) Derive an expression for the width of the depletion region in terms of Vbi and the maximum electric field |πΈπ‘š| at x = 0


c) Derive an expression for xp in terms of Vbi. Hence, find a numerical value for |πΈπ‘š| and the width of the depletion region


. a) Consider a silicon p-n junction at T = 300 K with doping concentrations of NA = 10^16 cm-3 . Given that the built-in voltage Vbi = 0.7 V, determine the doping concentration of the n-side of the junction.Β 



b) Derive an expression for the width of the depletion region in terms of Vbi and the maximum electric field |πΈπ‘š| at x = 0


c) Derive an expression for xp in terms of Vbi. Hence, find a numerical value for |πΈπ‘š| and the width of the depletion region


The speed of light in salt (sodium chloride) is 1.96 x10 8m/s . Calculate the index of refraction for sodium chloride.Β 



A student stands at a distance of 1.6 m in front of a camera with focal length of 5 cm, to obtain a sharp image on the film, how far must the lens be from the film?


Calculate the distance of the point in front of the cornea at which parallel light originating inside the reduced eye is focused


Calculate the refractive power of the cornea when it is in contact with water. The index of refraction for water is 1.33


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