The motion of a rocket burning its fuel at a constant rate while moving through empty
interstellar space can be described by
x(t) = uext + uex
1
b
− t
ln(1 − bt).
uex and b are constants (uex is the exhaust velocity of the gases at the tail of the rocket,
and b is proportional to the rate of fuel consumption). For this question, you should
know that ln is the inverse of the exponential function, that is, ln(e
x
) = x. Also,
d
dx ln x =
1
x
. [10]
a) What happens when t > 1/b? Explain.
b) Find a formula for the instantaneous velocity of the rocket.
c) Find a formula for the instantaneous acceleration.
d) Suppose that a rocket with uex = 3.0 × 103 m/s and b = 7.5 × 10−3
s
−1
takes 120
s to burn all its fuel. What is the instantaneous velocity at t = 0 s? At t = 120 s?