Answer to Question #209716 in English for Thandiswa

Question

Violence against women is the most pervasive yet least recognized human rights violation in the world. It also is a profound health problem,sapping women's energy, compromising their physical health,and eroding their self esteem. In addition to causing injury,violence increases women's long term risk of a number of health problems,including chronic pain,physical disability, drug and alcohol abuse and depression. Women with a history of physical or sexual abuse are also at increased risk for unintended pregnancy,sexually transmitted infections (STIs),and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Part a: from the extract above, write a research-based essay in which you discuss the causes amd effects of gender-based violence (gbv).Part B: how can Gbv be addressed?

Answer 1

Part a: Causes and effects of gender- based violence

Gender- based violence is caused by the following;

• Harmful gender norms- Gender stereotypes are often used to justify violence against women. Cultural norms often dictate that men are aggressive, controlling and dominant while women are docile and rely on men as providers. These norms can lead to violence when challenged. The norms also foster a culture of abuse such as early and forced marriages , unintended pregnancies, increased risks of sexually transmitted infections and female genital mutilation.
• Economic factors- Lack of economic resources makes women vulnerable to violence. It creates pattern of violence and poverty that become self-perpetuating making it extremely difficult for the victims to extricate themselves. Men also assert their masculinity through violent means when affected by poverty and unemployment. Poverty can also result into depression and drug abuse and alcohol abuse.
• Legal factors- Being a victim of gender violence is perceived in many societies as weak and shameful. Women are considered guilty of attracting violence themselves through their behavior. This results into low levels of reporting and investigation on the violence cases.

Part b: How can Gender- based violence be addressed?

Gender- based violence can be addressed through the following ways;

• Standing against rape culture.
• Funding women's full participation in civil society.
• Learning the signs of abuse and how you can help.
• Listen and believe the survivors.
• Bringing gender-based violence clinical services to lower- level health facilities.
• Developing support programs for professionals experiencing secondhand trauma.
• Developing guidance for building systems to eliminate gender- based violence.