Answer to Question #209686 in English for Thandiswa

Question

Violence against women is the most pervasive yet least recognized human rights violation in the world. It also is a profound health problem,sapping women's energy,compromising their physical health and eroding their self esteem. In addition to causing injury,violence increases women's long term risk of a number of other health problems,including chronic pain ,physical disability,drug and alchohol abuse and depression. Women with a history of physical or sexual abuse are also at increased risk for unintended pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs),and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Part A:From the extracts above,write a research based essay in which you discuss the causes and effects of gender based voilence (GBV) (300 words)

Part B :How can GBV be addressed? (Choose a specific context when answering part B) (300 words).

Answer 1

 Causes and effects of gender-based violence

Domestic violence cases in the general population continue to stymie public health campaigns and other societal activities aimed at reducing gender stereotypes. Physical, emotional, psychological, and sexual abuse by a male perpetrator with the purpose of establishing dominance or eroding the victim's self-esteem, according to John, Casey, Carino, and McGovern (2020). Domestic violence cases involving girls and women are becoming more common in various regions of the world, with causes relating to a violent upbringing, violence within intimate relationships, social standing, and societal norms. Similarly, societal standards that reinforce male patriarchy and power over women continue to drive women's aggressiveness and violence. Finally, men and boys who encounter violence while they are young are more likely to imitate it later in life. Violence against women and girls has a profound impact on general health, with the majority of victims developing low self-esteem and despair as a result .According to Heise. Ellsberg and Gottmoeller (2002), gender-based violence result in behavioral changes, including alcohol and drug use, depressive disorder, chronic conditions, and reproductive health complications. Women who have been the victims of an abusive relationship tend to adopt an inward-looking mentality out of dread of scorn or fear of their husbands. Women confront difficulties since they are unable to open up to their coworkers, causing them to go through emotional pain alone. As a result, the majorities of victims engage in harmful sexual behavior or remain in relationships that lead to reproductive health issues.

 

Part B

How can GBV be addressed?

Several groups have created public health campaigns to address the rise in gender-based violence, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic. According to John, the inequities posed by income differences and social norms have resulted in an increase in incidences of violence against women and girls. Measures used to reduce domestic violence range from public awareness efforts to legal punishment against those who commit these crimes. These measures have had tangible result in addressing stereotyping in the mainstream society but still lacks in establishing a lasting solution capable of addressing the core of gender-based violence. According to various scholars, it is critical to focus on the perpetrator point of view as a critical feature in unlocking the nature of domestic violence to educate and sensitize the society on the dangers of constraining women and girls (Casey, Carlson, Two Bulls & Yager, 2018). As a result, steps to address these pervasive behaviors have been implemented, with a focus on the male in the campaign to eradicate gender-based violence.It is possible to convince more males to rethink their attitudes about gender violence and domination in society, as well as reach out to their coworkers who share similar views.

Casey, E., Carlson, J., Two Bulls, S., & Yager, A. (2018). Gender transformative approaches to engaging men in gender-based violence prevention: A review and conceptual model. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 19(2), 231-246.

Heise, L., Ellsberg, M., & Gottmoeller, M. (2002). A global overview of gender‐based violence. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 78, S5-S14.

John, N., Casey, S. E., Carino, G., & McGovern, T. (2020). Lessons never learned: crisis and gender‐based violence. Developing world bioethics, 20(2), 65-68.