Answer to Question #172776 in English for eala

Question

Identify and explain one example of how the field of social science has changed over time

some examples to speak about are the dark ages, the age of enlightenment

Answer 1

The pre-modern world's absolutism was based on two powers: the state and the church. Although kings could compel their subjects' allegiance, the church generally bolstered monarchies with theological justifications – God gave his authority to kings, who ordered their subjects in His name.

While disagreements between the church and the state could destabilize the relationship – as Henry VIII's turbulent divorce from Catholicism demonstrated – their social cohesion was generally strong. They argued that states should not have any impact in religious affairs, and vice versa, citing sectarian bloodshed in the 17th century as evidence.

The Treaty of Westphalia (1648), which ended the religiously driven Thirty Years War, established a precedent by stating that states should not infringe on one another's sovereignty, except in theological matters. Religion ceased to be a legitimate reason for international war, and religious freedom began to be recognized.