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the distillation column of an Acetaldehyde plant has the following process
conditions temperature, 60 0C; gas density,3220 g/cm3., liquid density,
0.74g/cm3., L/D =3; Bottom flow rate = 139 kg/hr; distillate flow rate=25kg/hr;
Liquid flow rate at top of the column =75 kg/hr; vapour rate at the top =
100kg/hr: Plate spacing of60 cm; maximum vapour density = 1.603 m/s;
assuming safe operating velocity as 60% of this value, determine (a) the column
cross-sectional area (b) diameter of the column.
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger has one pass on the shell side and two passes
on the tube side (i.e.al-2shell and tube heat exchanger). It is being used for oil
cooling. The oil flows in the tube side. It enters at 1120C and leaves at 78 0C
The shell-and-tube fluid is water at a flow rate of1.35 kg/s, entering at 360C and
leaving at 78 0C. The heat capacity of water is 4180j/(kg. K), and the overall
heat transfer coefficient for the heat exchanger is 350 W/(m2.K). The geometry
factor, F is 1.15. Determine the heat transfer area required for the unit.
A mixture of ethyl alcohol and water containing 25 mole % of the alcohol is
fractionated in a continuous rectification column under all atmospheric pressure.
The required concentration of the overhead product is 80 mole %, and the
permissible alcohol content in the bottom product is not over 0.1 mole %. The
still of the column is supplied with direct steam. Calculate the operating reflux
ratio and the relative molar rates of flow of feed, the direct steam supplied and
the bottom product per kmol of overhead product.
A pipe of 40 mm bore conveys air at a mean velocity of 21.5 m· s−1. The density of the air is
1.225 kg ·m−3 and its dynamic viscosity is 1.8 × 10−5 Pa · s. Calculate that volume flow rate of
water through the pipe which would correspond to the same value of friction factor f if the
dynamic viscosity of water is 1.12 × 10−3 Pa · s. What type of flow is exhibited in this pipe?
A tapered pipe is bent at 600 in the vertical plane. The diameters of inlet and outlet are 200cm
and 400cm respectively. The center of the outlet is 180cm above the inlet. The pressure at outlet
Air at a temperature of 100C is compressed at a constant pressure of
1.2MPa from a volume of 2m3 to a volume of 0.4m3. If the initial internal
energy decrease is 4820 KJ, find
a. the work done during the reversible compression
b. the heat transferred
c. the change in enthalpy
1. Two sides of a square are on the line x + 10y – 10 = 0 and x + 10y – 5 = 0. Find the area of the square.
shows a 302 stainless steel spring is being applied by a dynamic loading from 150N to
600 N. The spring is peened to induce residual stress on the wire in order to resist fatigue failure. The total number of the coil is shown in Figure Q4 and the spring end is left as squared so that it is able to stand vertically when placed on a flat surface. If the spring index given is 11 and the outer diameter is 66 mm, determine the fatigue factor of safety of this spring. Also, estimate the critical frequency of the spring if the unit weight is given as 76 kN/m².
In Figure below, ω4 = 80 r/min ccw. Determine the number of revolutions per minute of
link 2 and the velocity of sliding in meters per second at the point of contact. Use a
velocity scale of 1 mm = 0.0300 m/s.
For the Scotch-yoke mechanism in the Figure below R = 203 mm, θ = 60°, and the crank
speed is 200 r/min. Find the velocity in meters per second and acceleration in meters per
second squared of the slider.
