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A thick-walled cylinder of 450 mm outside diameter and 340 mm inside diameter, made of BS 535 A99 steel alloy, is subjected to an internal pressure of P. The maximum depth of radial crack in longitudinal direction on the outer surface of this cylinder is 22 mm. If the factor of safety against fracture failure of this cylinder is 3.1, what maximum safe internal pressure (P) can be applied to the cylinder?
The plate with a circular hole in the following figure is subjected to a tensile stress of σ0 at the boundaries AB and CD. The plate is made of steel 4340 material with Sy = 1515 MPa, if b = 200 mm, a = 50 mm, and the plate thickness, t = 20 mm, determine the maximum value of σ0 that can be safety applied considering a safety factor of 1.5.
Perform another analysis to calculate the maximum value of σ0 assuming two edge cracks of 2 mm each at points E and F of the hole, in directions perpendicular to the loading direction. What is the percentage of reduction of the allowable stress (σ0) if cracks are present?
A cylinder contains pressurized gas at 500 MPa and has the outer and inner diameters of 600 mm and 450 mm respectively. Determine the maximum permissible radial crack dimension on the outer surface of the cylinder in order to avoid further propagation of crack based on safety factor of 2.0. The cylinder material is BS 816 M40 of yield strength 1515 MPa.
A rectangular plate of length 2h = 20 mm, width 2b = 50 mm and thickness 5 mm, containing a central crack of length 2a, is subjected to a uniform tensile stress of 40 MPa in the direction of its length as shown in the figure. Determine the maximum permissible crack dimension to avoid its further propagation choosing a factor of safety of 1.6. The plate material is BS 816M40.
Cylinder subjected to internal pressure with an internal diameter of 350 mm and a 25 mm wall thickness. For the cylinder material, KIC = 80 MPa√m, Sy = 1172 MPa, and Sut = 1324 MPa. If the cylinder contains a radial crack in the longitudinal direction of depth 12.5, mm determine the pressure that will cause uncontrollable crack growth.
Suppose if the transistor used in problem 1 failed and was replaced with a
new transistor with β = 75. Is the new transistor still biased for active region
operation? (calculate Q-point and then conclude)
Explain the constructional details and working of the following boilers in details. ➢ Cochran Boiler ➢ La-Mont Boiler ➢ Velox Boiler Also write their significance and applications in various industries
What do you mean by Mountings and Accessories of Boiler? Which according to you is an integral part of the boiler? Explain any three mountings and accessories in details with their specifications and usage.
What do you mean by Steam Turbines? Explain the difference between Impulse and Reaction turbines. What is their significance. Which according to you is better of the two and why
: What do you mean by Steam generators or Boilers? How do we classify them? Also write its applications in various industries.
