Stress shielding is a serious problem in some implants since bone remodels and the decrease of stress leads invariably to the weakening of the bone. Calculate the stresses in the femur head bone with and without an implant. Consider three cases: titanium implant,
E = 113 GPa; stainless steel implant,
E = 205 GPa;
carbon–polymer (polysulfone–PEEK) composite implant, E = 30 GPa. Given: outer diameter of femur = 3 cm; inner diameter = 1.5 cm; Eb = 20 GPa.
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