Answer to Question #155900 in General Chemistry for Iqmah

Question

Define the following with five examples each;

Chain isomers, position isomers, meta isomers, ring isomers, tautomerism

Answer 1

Chain Isomers : Chain isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of the carbon "skeleton".

Chain isomers in Pentane:

Position Isomers : Positional isomers are structural isomers that have the same carbon skeleton and the same functional group but differ from each other in the position of the functional group.

Positional Isomers in C₅H₁₂ :

Meta Isomers : Metamerism is a type of structural isomerism in which different alkyl groups are attached to the same functional group.

Meta-xylene :

Ring Isomers : Compounds that have the same molecular formula but have two structures different from cyclic and open chain are called ring chain isomers. Cyclopentane and pentane are ring chain isomers.

Ring isomers in C₄H₈ :

Tautomerism : Tautomers are isomers of compounds that differ only in the positions of protons and electrons. The carbon skeleton of the compound remains unchanged.

 A reaction involving simple proton transfer in an intramolecular manner is called tautomerism.

A tautomeric system :