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highly complex industrialised societies tend to ...


a) establish a system of universal, compulsory public education.

b) abolish the family.

c) ensure that role differentiation is achieved.

d) make education non-compulsory.




Briefly explain the following acts of Sharia law: Commanded, Recommended, and Forbidden. Illustrate your explanation with clear example (s).


the social construction of race

A) encourage an understanding of race as biological

B) entails am understanding of race as being socially constructed

C) emphasises historical, cultural and economic factors as well as physical characteristics of people

D) encompasses the idea that people are assigned to different racial categories because of opinion and social experience.


1. B,c and d

2. A,b and c

3. A and b

4. A and d



Functionalist believe that social class inequalities are

A) result of fluid class boundaries

B) unfair

C) necessary as they motivate people to take important position

D) disrupt the smooth running of society


Who is august comte


Norms can be defined as?


A Grade 1 learner needs encouragement and a reward system for completing tasks. Which one of the following would be the most appropriate action?

  1. intrinsic motivation
  2. positive reinforcement
  3. modelled behaviour
  4. successive approximation

Talking about India, Jawaharlal Nehru once remarked:


“She (India) was like some ancient palimpsest* on which layer upon layer of thought and reverie had been inscribed, and yet no succeeding layer had completely hidden or erased what had been written previously.”


Nehru in this statement is asserting how different cultures, practices and traditions have come to define the idea and reality of India. Do you agree with Nehru? Why/Why Not? 


With concrete examples from political, economic, historical, regional and socio-cultural spheres, support your argument.


*Palimpsest: a manuscript on which two or more successive texts have been written, while visible traces of the previous texts still remain. 

1) For references within the text:


When you use exact quotations, put them within double quotes and then in parenthesis write the last name of the author, year of publication and page number. 

For example:- 

"The onus of boundary maintenance falls on women because of their role in biological reproduction" (Dube, 1988, p.1). 


2) At the end of your paper, prepare a list of References in the following format: 


Last Name, First Name. Year of publication. Name of the article. Source.

For example: 


Dube, Leela. 1988. On the Construction of Gender. Economic and Political Weekly. 




Explain the meaning of the concept diversity and its implications in the teaching and learning environment


What are the key elements or features of the nationalist vision during the

revolution?