Psychology Answers

Explain how children learn and develop a wide range of learning activities and resources that facilitate integrated learning and hostilic development

Suggest ways to improve peer relations?

The scientific method is a method of inquiry that helps us understand nature around and within us. When we talk about “science” as only one way to explain nature, and psychology, in particular, as one way to explain human behavior, what do you think this means? Can you think of other ways that we have used to explain behavior?

Psychologists and scientists use the words “empirical evidence”, “empirical research“, and “empiricism” in ‘scientific studies’. But do we, as consumers and users of ‘scientific information’ understand what these mean?

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2014) defines the word “empirical” as:

1: originating in or based on observation or experience <empirical data>

2: relying on experience or observation alone often without due regard for system and theory <an empirical basis for the theory>

3: capable of being verified or disproved by observation or experiment <empirical laws>”

Answer the follow questions:

What parts of our bodies do we rely upon when gathering empirical evidence?

Would you consider your day to day living experience and observations as part of empirical evidence? Why?

1.     From the perspective of an advertising executive: How might knowledge of classical conditioning be useful in creating an advertising campaign? (5 marks)

2.     Explain how does the theory of Bandura’s self-efficacy complements the Locke’s Goal setting theory? Explain with example. (5 marks)

Sandra, a 13 year old girl, has been banned from her school football team after a confrontation with an opponent in a match. Sandra pushed and kicked the other girl to the floor after there was contact between them when they challenged for the ball in the air. The Head teacher blames the behavior of professional footballers for setting a bad example to young players when they watch football on television.

      (I) Identify the psychological content in the above scenario.                 

      (II) Suggest a field of psychology which deals these kinds of problems.

Several researchers want to study the effect of exercise on visual perception. Each decides to use a different method in their study. Researcher 'A' assigns participants to one of two groups, exercising for 10 or 0 minutes, and then records their performance on a task designed to measure visual acuity. Researcher 'B' decides to use the same task to measure visual acuity performance from professional athletes vs. college students who do not play a sport. Researcher 'C' asks a sample of students from a university to report the number of hours per week they exercise and then looks at the relationship between this measure and their performance on the same visual acuity task.

Ayanda is a student teacher at Childhood Joy Primary School. She has just arrived at the school but wants to get a head start in preparing for her teaching practical critique. Ayanda is nervous to teach in front of the college supervisor as one of her biggest fears is classroom discipline.

In the form of an essay, discuss how Ayanda may use a Behaviourist perspective to assist her in improving on her classroom management and encouraging better learning to take place.

In your essay, ensure to briefly outline the historical origins of Behaviourism as a perspective in Psychology, explain the difference between classical and operant conditioning, and use at least two academic sources to aid in providing examples on how Ayanda may encourage learning and classroom management through the use of operant conditioning techniques

In the form of an essay, discuss your understanding of Empiricism, its place in the roots of Psychology, and how it may be used as a technique in a Teaching and Learning context. In your essay, provide at least TWO examples of Empiricism in the classroom.

In your own words, provide a definition of the term perspective and outline perspective‐taking within the context of psychology. In your answer, make use of at least TWO examples of perspective‐taking within a school or classroom setting.