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What is critical angle.
Explain YDSE
With the aid of simple sketches outline the major categories of multiport optical fiber coupler. Describe two common methods used in the fabrication of three- and four-port fiber couplers.
Describe, with the aid of suitable diagrams, three common techniques used for the mechanical splicing of optical fibers. A mechanical splice in a multimode step index fiber has a lateral offset of 16% of the fiber core radius. The fiber core has a refractive index of 1.49, and an index matching fluid with a refractive index of 1.45 is inserted in the splice between the butt-jointed fiber ends. Assuming no longitudinal or angular misalignment, estimate the insertion loss of the splice.
Describe what is meant by the fusion splicing of optical fibers. Discuss the advantages and drawbacks of this jointing technique. A multimode step index fiber with a core refractive index of 1.52 is fusion spliced. The splice exhibits an insertion loss of 0.8 dB. This insertion loss is found to be entirely due to the angular misalignment of the fiber core axes which is 7°. Determine the numerical aperture of the fiber.
State the two major categories of fiber–fiber joint, indicating the differences between them. Briefly discuss the problem of Fresnel reflection at all types of optical fiber joint, and indicate how it may be avoided. A silica multimode step index fiber has a core refractive index of 1.46. Determine the optical loss in decibels due to Fresnel reflection at a fiber joint with: (a) a small air gap; (b) an index-matching epoxy which has a refractive index of 1.40. It may be assumed that the fiber axes and end faces are perfectly aligned at the join
Write a report or information about optical resonators.
An object is placed in front of a covering lens with a focal length of 17.50 CM. Find the image distance for an object distance of 35.00 cm. Answer in units of cm.
A soap film of refractive index 1.43is illuminated by white light incident at an angle 300. The refracted light is examined by a spectroscope in which dark band corresponding to wavelength 6х10-7m is observed. Calculate the thickness of the film.
a) The mathematical expression for one dimensional wave travelling along the
positive x-direction is given as
y(x,t ) 0.02 sin (42 x 1886t )m
where x is in meters and t is in seconds. Determine the direction of propagation of
the wave and calculate its amplitude, wavelength, frequency and velocity.
