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Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
1.200g of water heated from 17.0 degrees Celsius to 23.5 degrees Celsius . What is the amount of thermal energy that been transferred to that mass?
2. beaker contains 360.4g of whiten the liquid state at 100 degrees Celsius . How much energy in KJ is required to convert the liquid water to water vapours?
3. what is the amount of heat energy required to change a 40.0g ice cube at -20.0 degrees Celsius to water at 50.0 degrees Celsius ?
4.500g mass of copper at 15.0 degrees Celsius, copper gains 650 joules of thermal energy. What would be final temperature of that mass? ( c=0.386 j/g degrees Celsius)
2. beaker contains 360.4g of whiten the liquid state at 100 degrees Celsius . How much energy in KJ is required to convert the liquid water to water vapours?
3. what is the amount of heat energy required to change a 40.0g ice cube at -20.0 degrees Celsius to water at 50.0 degrees Celsius ?
4.500g mass of copper at 15.0 degrees Celsius, copper gains 650 joules of thermal energy. What would be final temperature of that mass? ( c=0.386 j/g degrees Celsius)
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
A spray can at 250 PSI is at room temperature. What will its temperature be if it expands to 16.5 x the volume when released?
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
c) What is meant by root mean square speed of a gas? Express it in terms of temperature and molecular weight of gas. Calculate rmsvfor He atoms at 300 K. (Take kg).1067.627He−×=m (1,1,3) d) What is Bose-Einstein condensation? Show that Bose-Einstein condensation temperature is given by 3/2B2V612.22π=NmkhTc (1,4) e) i) Write an expression for Planck’s law for energy density of photons in a cavity and calculate total energy density, u. ii) Consider sun as a black body whose interior consists of photons gas at K.1036×=T Calculate the energy density of the solar radiations. Take 4316kmJ107.56−−−×=σ.
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
5. a) Derive an expression for ground state energy of a completely degenerate FD gas. For copper, take kg101.9 and Js,1062.6,m105.83134328−−−×=×=×=emhVNto calculate Fermi energy. (6,4) b) Show that the partition function of an N-particle system is given by the expression: 2/332NNNNNmhVZZβπ== Obtain expressions for (i) heat capacity at constant volume, (ii) average pressure exerted by the gas, and (iii) Helmholtz free energy F.
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
What do you understand by first order phase transition? Derive Clausius-Clapeyron equation to explain variation of temperature with pressure in such a transition. Can we use this equation for transitions of order higher than one? Explain.
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
a) A certain mass of a gas at 273 K temperature and one atmospheric pressure is expanded to 3 times its original volume under adiabatic conditions. Calculate the resulting temperature and pressure. (Take the value of γ = 1.4)
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
a) Derive an equation of state γpV= constant for an adiabatic process and show that an adiabat is steeper than an isotherm.
b) A block of copper whose expansivity, β, is 16K100.48−−× and isothermal elasticity, ,TE is 211Nm1030.1−×is at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 0°C. Its temperature is raised to 10°C. Calculate the final pressure when volume is kept constant. Express your answer in units of atmospheric pressure (atm).
c) Explain the working of a constant volume gas thermometer with the help of a neat and labelled diagram.
b) A block of copper whose expansivity, β, is 16K100.48−−× and isothermal elasticity, ,TE is 211Nm1030.1−×is at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 0°C. Its temperature is raised to 10°C. Calculate the final pressure when volume is kept constant. Express your answer in units of atmospheric pressure (atm).
c) Explain the working of a constant volume gas thermometer with the help of a neat and labelled diagram.
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
a) What do you understand by mean free path of gas molecules? Derive an expression for the law of distribution of free paths. (1,4)
b) What is Brownian motion? Give three examples of such a motion. Using Einstein’s theory, obtain an expression for Einstein’s formula for mean square displacement of a Brownian particle. (2,3,5)
c) What is the transport phenomenon in gases? Obtain an expression for coefficient of viscosity of a gas if the average number of molecules crossing an area is given by vnn41=∆ and molecules make their last collision before crossing an imaginary surface at a distance of λ32above or below it.
b) What is Brownian motion? Give three examples of such a motion. Using Einstein’s theory, obtain an expression for Einstein’s formula for mean square displacement of a Brownian particle. (2,3,5)
c) What is the transport phenomenon in gases? Obtain an expression for coefficient of viscosity of a gas if the average number of molecules crossing an area is given by vnn41=∆ and molecules make their last collision before crossing an imaginary surface at a distance of λ32above or below it.
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
What is adiabatic demagnetisation? Explain how low temperatures are produced using adiabatic demagnetisation?
Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics
1/A cylinder containing n mol of an ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process.
(a) Show that the work done on the gas is
(b) Starting with the first law of thermodynamics in differential form, prove that the work done on the gas is also equal to . Show that this result is consistent with the equation in part (a).
2/ A vertical cylindrical tank contains 1.80 mol of an ideal gas under a pressure of 1.00 atm at 20.0oC. The round part of the tank has a radius of 10.0 cm, and the gas is supporting a piston that can move up and down in the cylinder without friction.
(a) What is the mass of this piston?
(b) How tall is the column of gas that is supporting the piston?
(a) Show that the work done on the gas is
(b) Starting with the first law of thermodynamics in differential form, prove that the work done on the gas is also equal to . Show that this result is consistent with the equation in part (a).
2/ A vertical cylindrical tank contains 1.80 mol of an ideal gas under a pressure of 1.00 atm at 20.0oC. The round part of the tank has a radius of 10.0 cm, and the gas is supporting a piston that can move up and down in the cylinder without friction.
(a) What is the mass of this piston?
(b) How tall is the column of gas that is supporting the piston?
