Molecular Physics | Thermodynamics Answers

What is Brownian motion ? Give at least three examples of such a motion. Using Einstein's theory, obtain an expression for the mean square displacement of a Brownian particle.

For a heat engine working between tem peratures T1 and T2, show all the steps of Carrot cycle on a T-S diagram. Hence calculate the efficiency of the engine.

Derive Clausius — Clapeyron equation. On the basis of this equation, explain why mountaineers find it difficult to cook their food at high altitudes.

State Kelvin — Planck and Clausius statements of the second law of thermodynamics. Show by deduction that both the statements are equivalent.

With the help of a neat and labelled diagram, explain the working of a constant volume gas therm ometer.

A certain mass of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is expanded to 3 times its

o rigin a l v o lu m e un d e r ad iab a tic co n d itio n s. C a lc u la te th e re su ltin g te m p e ra tu re a n d pressure. (Take y = 1.4).

What is Joule-Thomson effect ? Obtain the expression for the Joule-Thomson coefficient for a real gas.

What is phase space ? In a system containing N particles, each particle has three translational and two rotational degrees of freedom. Calculate the dimensions of the phase space.

A reversible engine converts one-sixth of the heat input into work. If the temperature of the sink is reduced to 335 K, its efficiency is doubled. Calculate the temperatures of the source and the sink.

What are intensive and extensive thermodynamic variables ? Show by giving examples that (i) the ratio of two extensive variables is intensive, and (ii) the specific value corresponding to an extensive variable is an intensive property.