Academic language refers to the oral, written, auditory, and visual language proficiency required to learn effectively in schools and academic programs. Academic language has a unique set of rules: it should be explicit, formal and factual, and objective and analytical. It has several features as explained below;
- objectivity - Academic writing presents and evaluates issues and arrives at an objective position; a position that focuses on and is informed by research and reasoning rather than personal feelings and opinions.
- formality - Academic writing is very explicit and provides the reader with all the information they need to understand your meaning. This is in contrast to written or spoken English in less formal contexts, which often relies on readers or listeners to supply extra information that completes the message.
- hedging- Hedging language in academic writing is used to express caution and avoid strong, unqualified statements that may be easily disproven.
- Complexity; Written language is relatively more complex than spoken language. Written language has longer words, it is lexically denser, and it has a more varied vocabulary. It uses more noun-based phrases than verb-based phrases. Academic language has more grammatical complexity, including more subordinate clauses and more passives
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