Answer to Question #213576 in English for Maphotle

Question

Discuss how the following THREE 3 learning theories influence the development of

resources. 

• Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligences

• Lev Vykotsky’s socio-cultural theory

• Piaget’s cognitive theory

(10)

Answer 1

•  Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligences

This theory states that each person has different ways of learning and different intelligences they use in their daily lives. Each student is gifted and challenged by his or her learning abilities and preferences. While some can learn very well in a linguistically- based environment, others are better taught through mathematical- logic based learning. Others also benefit from body- kinesthetic intelligence.

• Lev Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory

This theory describes learning as a social progress and the origination of human intelligence in society or culture. The major theme of the theory is that social interaction plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition. Vygotsky believed that everything is learned on two levels. First, through interaction with others and then integrated into the individual's mental structure. Another aspect of the theory is the idea that the potential for cognitive development is limited to a 'zone of proximal development'. This 'zone' is the area of exploration for which the student is cognitively prepared but requires help and social interaction to fully develop.

• Piaget’s cognitive theory

This theory describes the cognitive development of children. Cognitive development involves changes in process and abilities. The theory upholds the belief that children need to explore, experiment and question. It advocates that children should be provided with opportunities to discuss and debate with each other with teachers acting as guides and facilitators.