Answer to Question #204283 in English for ORATILE

Question

THE PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNITY POLICING GUIDES POLICE MANAGEMENT STYLES AND OPERATIONAL STRATEGIES .IT EMPHASISES THE ESTABLISHMENT OF POLICE-COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS AND A PROBLEM-SOLVING APPROACH RESPONSIVE TO THE NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY 

DISCUSS THE CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY POLICING BRIEFLY UNDER THE FOLLOWING HEADINGS : 

1.INTRODUCTION (ELABORATE ON THE TOPIC )

2.DEFINITION OF CONCEPT 

3.ORIGIN OF COMMUNITY POLICING 

4.ESTABLISHING PARTNERSHIP[

5.REDUCING FEAR IN THE COMMUNITY 

6.SERVICE DELIVERY IN THE COMMUNITY 

7.DIRECT ACCOUNTABILITY OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND COMMUNITY 

8.CONCLUSION ( MENTION YOUR FINAL REMARK AND OR RECOMMENDATIONS ) 

9.LIST OF REFERENCES ( WRITE ALL REFERENCES WHERE YOU HAVE GET THE INFORMATION FROM ) 

Answer 1

The Police are an essential tool for maintaining law and order in society. They are revered and looked up to in most societies for protecting the community from harm for instance by arresting people who harm others and break the law in so doing.

Community policing is a strategy that seeks to enhance the role of police officers in the community. Particularly, it entails philosophical and operational aspects that aim towards fostering police-community partnerships that will adequately address neighborhood conditions that give rise to public safety concerns including crime and fear of crime (Reisig, 2010). This is achieved by developing and preserving a positive relationship between the community and the police officers who are assigned to maintain law and order in that community.

Community Policing developed in the United Kingdom from a former prime minister named Robert Peele. He is renowned for his ‘Peelian principles’ which advocated for, among other ideals, co-operation between the police and the community to enhance ethical policing (Kocak, 2018). Later, this idea of establishing a relationship between the community and the police force was imported into the USA. There was a lot of mistrust between communities and the police especially on the basis of racial lines. The police were accused of being reactive, pulling out their arms, conducting arrests etc., rather than being proactive (Thurman et al., 2001). Community policing was introduced as a means of finding equal ground between the community and the police.

There are critical components associated with community policing. One critical component entails the relationship between the community and the police force. Establishing an effective, balanced partnership is essential in community policing because it enhances social control, maximizes the resources dispensed for maintaining law and order, and it broadens government accountability to the public because of the nature of the relationship (Choi & Sang, 2012). Accountability is crucial because there are high stakes involved including the safety and lives of both police officers and the community. Another component involves reducing fear in the community. The fear is both against criminals and police officers who indiscriminately use reactive methods to enforce order. One way proposed for achieving reduced fear is through mediation and effective communication (Choi & Sang, 2012). The final element is on service delivery to the community, which is tied to accountability. The police force has a role to society to maintain law and order without discrimination.

In conclusion, community policing is a commendable strategy for enhancing law and order in society that incorporates public participation as an essential ingredient for its success. However, it is not just an operational strategy. Community policing integrates philosophical ideologies with operational strategies to achieve specific objectives. One recommendation is to continue sensitizing the police force on racism and how it continues to be an obstacle to achieving law and order in society.

References

Choi, C., & Choi, Sang. (2012). Collaborative Partnerships and Crime in Disorganized Communities. Public Administration Review, 72(2), 228-238. Retrieved June 7, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/41433297

Deniz Kocak, (2018) ‘The Historical Origins of Community Policing in 19th Century Britain and Imperial Japan’ in Rethinking Community Policing in International Police Reform: Examples from Asia, Vol. 17, Ubiquity Press, London, pp. 11–16. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv6zdc57.9.  Accessed 7 June 2021.

Reisig, M. D. (2010). Community and problem-oriented policing. Crime and justice, 39(1), 1-53. www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/652384.   Accessed 7 June 2021.

Thurman, Quint., Zhao, Jihong., & Giacomazzi, Andrew. L. (2001). Community policing in a community era: An introduction and exploration. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury Publishing Company.