Organic Chemistry Answers

A reversible chemical reaction combines A and B to produce C and D. At equilibrium, A, B and C are present in concentrations 1 M, 0.05 M, 500 mM respectively.

If the rate constants are k1=2M^{-2}s^{-1} and k2 = 1 M^{-1} s^{-1}, what is the concentration of D in M at equilibrium? Give the result to three significant figures.

A protein P binds to receptors on the surface of a cell according to the rule where k1 = 7.6 *10^6M^{-1}s^{-1} and k2=1s^−1. What is the ratio of free to bound receptors at equilibrium in a 3 μM solution of protein? Give the result to 3 significant figures.

how many possible structural isomers can butanoic acid can form

In the following reaction, the expected product 3-Chloro-2,2-dimethyl-butane, is only produced in small amounts whilst the seemingly unusual product, 2-Chloro-2,3-dimethyl-butane is produced in large quantities.

The reason for this is:

A.

The major product is obtained first, in line with Markovnikov’s rule then undergoes elimination and addition once again to give the observed major product.

B.

The reaction is one of those rare instances in which Markovnikov’s rule does not apply.

C.

The initially formed secondary carbocation rearranges by a shift of a methyl group to generate a more stable tertiary carbocation which is then attacked by Cl- to give the observed major product.

D.

The initially formed secondary carbocation rearranges by a shift of a hydrogen to generate a more stable tertiary carbocation which is then attacked by Cl- to give the observed major product.

Which of the following methods can be reliably used to separate enantiomers?

A.

Conversion to diastereomers, chromatography and/or crystallization.

B.

Distillation, crystallization and where possible physical separation with tweezers.

C.

Distillation, crystallization and chromatography.

D.

Conversion to diastereomers, physical separation with tweezers and/or crystallization.

The following are the two methods through which pentan-2-ol can be made:

Which of the two methods is better and why?

A.

The method using pent-1-ene because the product will be formed exclusively.

B.

The method using pent-2-ene because any other product formed can easily be recycled.

C.

The method using pent-2-ene because the product will be formed exclusively.

D.

The method using pent-1-ene because any other product formed can easily be recycled

Which of the following are likely to react via an SN2 Mechanism?

A.

Compound 3 and compound 4

B.

Compound 1 and compound 3

C.

Compound 1 and compound 2

D.

Compound 1 and compound 4

A quantity of 85.0 mL of 0.900 M HCl is mixed with 85.0 mL of 0.900 M KOH in a constant-pressure calorimeter that has a heat capacity of 325 J/°C. If the initial temperatures of both solutions are the same at 18.24°C, what is the final temperature of the mixed solution? The heat of neutralization is −56.2 kJ/mol. Assume the density and specific heat of the solutions are the same as those for water.