Answer to Question #176165 in General Chemistry for mkan

Question

1.How are the repulsion forces between the 2s and 2p minimized?

2. Why is the energy of the electrons in the 4s orbital lower than the electrons in 3d orbital?

3. Explain the concept of effective nuclear charge, Zeff.

4. Explain why the lighter noble gases do not have defined electronegativities.

5. (a) What values of l are permitted for an electron with n = 4.

(b) What values of ml are permitted for an electron with l=3

(c)What values of ms are permitted for an electron with n =5, / = 3, and m/ = +2?

6. Write detailed electronic configurations for Li, C, and Mg

7.How many electrons are present in each of the following atoms? Assuming that each is a

neutral atom, identify the element.

a. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹

b. 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

c .How many 2p orbitals are present in any atom?

d. What is the maximum number of electrons in the 2p subshell?

e. How many electrons are present in the 2p subshell of a fluorine atom?

f. Explain why the subshell is not full in the fluorine atom.

Answer 1

1)

Repulsion between the electron pairs and between the attached nuclei will be minimized by formation of a tetrahedral arrangement of the bonds. 

2)

The 4s orbital is technically higher energy than the 3d orbital. ... So, after the addition of 1 electron, the addition of more electrons tends to add a repulsion force that is greater than the energy it would take to push an electron into the 4s orbital.

3)

Effective nuclear charge, Zeff: the net positive charge attracting an electron in an atom. An approximation to this net charge is. Zeff(effective nuclear charge) = Z(actual nuclear charge) - Zcore(core electrons) The core electrons are in subshell between the electron in question and the nucleus.

4)

They don't have values there because they aren't on the pauling scale of electronegativity, as they don't form any compounds with other elements. ... The other noble gases also can react with fluorine (As well as other elements), and make slightly more stable compounds.

5)

For n = 4, l can have values of 0, 1, 2, and 3

6)

When l= 3, m = -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, i.e., there are 7 values for m.