Genetics Answers

In bacteria, researchers have isolated strains that carry
mutations within the tRNA genes. These mutations can
change the sequence of the anticodon. For example, a
normal tRNATrp gene would encode a tRNA with the
anticodon 3’-ACC-5’. A mutation could change this
sequence to 3’-CCC-5’. When this mutation occurs, the
tRNA still carries a tryptophan at its 3’ acceptor stem,
even though the anti-codon sequence has been altered.

A. How would this mutation affect the synthesis of
proteins within the bacterium?

B. What does this mutation tell you about the recognition
between tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase and tRNATrp ?
Does the enzyme primarily recognize the anticodon or
not?

1. A baby with type AB blood is born in to a family where the mother has type B blood and the father has type O blood. Determine whether the husband is the biological father of the baby? and explain your answer?

Given a diploid number of 2N=8 and atleast 2 crossing over events, trace the fate of these chromosomes until the formation of haploid daughter cells in Meiosis II.

1. What is the problem encountered in a classical breeding which gave the way to the birth of genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology?
2. In what stage of meiosis I does genetic engineering/RDT modify and recombine DNAs to produce desired products with desirable traits?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNA share the following features, EXCEPT:

Group of answer choices

a) Polypeptide/protein-coding sequence

b) A 3 prime untranslated region

c) A 5 prime untranslated region (UTR)

d) Two-fold symmetry that can form a hairpin

All of the following with respect to transcription in prokaryotes (bacteria) are true, EXCEPT:

a) Most genes have a consensus sequence located at the -35 position

b) Translation of an mRNA can start while transcription is still in progress

c) RNA Polymerase binds genes at the first intron sequence

d) Most genes have a consensus sequence located at the -10 position

For a non-human organism with somatic cells that have 20 chromosomes, indicate the number of
a. chromatids in the G2 phase.
b. chromosomes during prophase of mitosis.
c. synapsed homologous pairs in metaphase I.
d. chromatids in anaphase of mitosis.
e. telomeres in the G0 phase.

select and support the most appropriate response & explain why each of the incorrect statements is eliminated

3. Meiosis in an oocyte
a. creates 4 cells that are identical in size
b. results in qualitatively genetically different meiotic products
c. has an equational division in M I
d. segregates homologous chromosomes in M II
e. creates new allele combinations, along non-sister chromatids, during telophase I

5. Two genetically identical organisms express slightly different phenotypes for a given trait when
raised in different environments. This is an indication that
a. environmental components have a large effect on the expression of the phenotype
b. this phenotype is not multifactorial
c. the trait is determined by a single gene
d. the environment is equally important to the phenotype as the genotype
e. the phenotype is multifactorial but the genotype strongly influences the phenotype

Given the following information about the inheritance of characteristics in pea plants, answer the questions below:
Y (yellow) is dominant to y (green)
R (round) is dominant to r (wrinkled)
B (bitter) is dominant to b (sweet)
S (smooth) is dominant to s (hairy)
L (long pod) shows incomplete dominance to 1 (short pod) (Ll is medium in length)
Given this cross: (P1) Yy Rr Bb SS Ll (male) x yy RR Bb Ss Ll (female)
a. How many different gametes can be formed by the female plant?
b. How many different genotypes are possible in the F1 offspring?
c. How many different phenotypes are possible in the F1 offspring?
d. What percent of the F1 individuals will be
green, bitter, and smooth _______________
hairy, medium, and sweet ______________
round, bitter, and long _________________