Hugh trevor roper vigorously argued that africa,prior to european contact,was 'without the wheel,the plough,or transport animal;without writing and without history.'drawing on the views of american thinkers carter G woods on and Web dubois,critically discuss roper's assertion.
Roper's assertion that 'without the wheel, the plough, or transport animal is an hyperbole. It is informed by the white supremacy hence it is regarded as a prejudice and subjective perception of Africa. From the views of views of American thinkers carter G woods on and Web Dubois, African was self-reliant before the invasion of the Europeans. in as much as the Europeans brought with them infrastructure, and technology, animal transports and some forms of communication was there in Africa since time immemorial.
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