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Explain what is difference between Pass-by-value and Pass-by-reference argument passing to a function .show the difference by example.

Design and implement a set of classes that define the employees of a hospital :doctor ,nurse ,administrator, surgeon receptionist ,janitor , and so on. include method in each class that are named according to the services provided by that person (e.g. treats patients..so treats() is a suitable method ) and that print an appropriate message.create a main driver class to instantiate and exercise several of classes .(Hint. Use Inheritance

what is variable- length argument list ?. demonstrate by an example code.
what is copy constructor ?. give an example

How can I open a .class file?

Methods of indexing in information retrieval?

Write a Java program to
• create a new array list, add some colors (string) and print out the collection.
• insert an element into the array list at the first position.
• retrieve an element (at a specified index) from a given array list.
• update specific array element by given element.

How can the general tree (a b c d e f g) be represented as a binary tree with left=child, right=sibling?

public class Polynomial {

private static class TermNode{
private double coefficient;
private int exponent;
private TermNode next;

public TermNode(int exp, double coeff, TermNode nextTerm )
{
coefficient= coeff;
exponent = exp;
next = nextTerm;
}
}
private TermNode first;

public Polynomial() {
first = new TermNode(0,0, null);
}

public Polynomial(double a0)
{
first = new TermNode(0,a0,null);
}

public Polynomial(Polynomial p)
{
first = new TermNode(p.first.exponent, p.first.coefficient, p.first.next);
}



public void add_to_coef(double amount, int exponent) {
first = new Termnode(


}
public String toString() {

}
return s;

This is showing errors I am not able to implement it properly