Answer to Question #332167 in C++ for mak

Question

Create a class called Rational for performing arithmetic with fractions. The result should be stored in reduced form. Use integer variables to represent the private data of the class— the numerator and the denominator. Provide a constructor that enables an object of this class to be initialized when it’s declared. The constructor should contain default values in case no initializers are provided and should store the fraction in reduced form. For example, the fraction would be stored in the object as 1 in the numerator and 2 in the denominator. Provide public member functions that perform each of the following tasks:

The result should be stored in reduced form of all these parts except part (f):

a) Adding two Rational numbers.

b) Subtracting two Rational numbers.

c) Multiplying two Rational numbers.

d) Dividing two Rational numbers.

e) Printing Rational numbers in the form a/b using << operators.

f) Printing Rational numbers in floating-point format using << operators.

Answer 1

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <limits.h>
using namespace std;

int absInt(int x) {
	if (x >= 0) {
		return x;
	}
	else {
		return -x;
	}
}

void getFactors(int num, vector<int>& factorSet) {
	if (num != 1) {
		factorSet.push_back(num);
	}
	for (int i = 2; i <= sqrt(static_cast<double>(num)); i++) {
		if (num%i == 0) {
			factorSet.push_back(i);
			factorSet.push_back(num / i);
		}
	}
}

void simplifyFun(int& a, int& b) {
	int tempN = a;
	int tempD = b;
	int smal, temp;
	vector<int> factorSet;
	if (tempN == tempD) {
		a = 1;
		b = 1;
		return;
	}
	else if (tempN == -tempD) {
		a = -1;
		b = 1;
		return;
	}
	else if (tempN == 0) {
		b = 1;
		return;
	}




	if (absInt(tempN) < absInt(tempD)) {
		smal = absInt(tempN);
	}
	else {
		smal = absInt(tempD);
	}


	getFactors(smal, factorSet);
	for (int i = 0; i < factorSet.size(); i++) {
		temp = factorSet[i];
		while (tempN%temp == 0 && tempD%temp == 0) {
			tempN /= temp;
			tempD /= temp;
		}
	}
	a = tempN;
	b = tempD;
}


class Rational
{
	int num;
	int den;
public:
	Rational(int n = 0, int d = 1)
	{
		if (d == 0)
			cout << "Denomerator can`t be 0!";
		else
		{
			num = n;
			den = d;
		}
	}


	Rational(const Rational &c):num(c.num),den(c.den){}
	void simplify() 
	{
		int tempN = num;
		int tempD = den;
		simplifyFun(tempN, tempD);
		num=tempN;
		den=tempD;
	}
	Rational operator= (const Rational &x)
	{
		Rational tmp;
		tmp.num = x.num;
		tmp.den = x.den;
		return tmp;
	}
	Rational operator+(const Rational &x) const
	{
		Rational tmp;
		int tempLD = den;
		int tempRD = x.den;
		simplifyFun(tempLD, tempRD);
		tmp.num = num*tempRD + x.num*tempLD;
		tmp.den = den*tempRD;
		tmp.simplify();
		return tmp;
	}


	Rational operator-(const Rational &x) const
	{
		Rational tmp;
		int tempLD = den;
		int tempRD = x.den;
		simplifyFun(tempLD, tempRD);
		tmp.num = num*tempRD - x.num*tempLD;
		tmp.den = den*tempRD;
		tmp.simplify();
		return tmp;
	}
	Rational operator*(const Rational &x) const
	{
		Rational tmp;
		Rational tmp2(x.num,den);
		Rational tmp3(num,x.den);
		int a = tmp2.den;
		int b = tmp2.num;
		int c = tmp3.den;
		int d = tmp3.num;
		tmp.num = b*d;
		tmp.den = a*c;
		return tmp;
	}
	Rational operator/(const Rational &x) const
	{
		Rational tmp1(num, den);
		Rational tmp2(x.num, x.den);
		return tmp1*tmp2;
	}


	Rational operator += (const Rational &x)
	{
		return *this + x;
	}
	Rational operator -= (const Rational &x)
	{
		return *this - x;
	}
	Rational operator *= (const Rational &x)
	{
		return *this*x;
	}
	Rational operator /= (const Rational &x)
	{
		return *this / x;
	}


	bool operator == (const Rational & other) const
	{
		return (num == other.num&&den == other.den);
	}
	bool operator < (const Rational & other) const
	{
		int l = num*other.den;
		int r = den*other.num;
		return (l<r);
	}
	bool operator > (const Rational & other) const
	{
		int l = num*other.den;
		int r = den*other.num;
		return (l>r);
	}
	bool operator <= (const Rational & other) const
	{
		return ((*this < other) || (*this == other));
	}
	bool operator >= (const Rational & other) const
	{
		return ((*this > other) || (*this == other));
	}
	operator string() const
	{
		return to_string(num) + "/" + to_string(den);
	}
	~Rational() {};
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& output, const Rational &);
	friend istream& operator >> (istream& input, Rational&);
};




ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Rational& obj) {
	out << obj.num;
	if (obj.num != 0 && obj.den != 1) {
		out << "/" << obj.den;
	}
	return out;
}
istream& operator >> (istream& in, Rational& obj)
{
string inputstr;
  int num = 0;
  int sign = 1;
  bool slashExist = false;
  bool dotExist = false;
  bool validInput = true;
  int virtualDenominator = 1;
  cin >> inputstr;
  for (int i = 0; i < inputstr.size(); i++) {
    char temp = inputstr[i];
    if (temp == '.') {
      if (dotExist == false && slashExist == false && i != 0) {
        dotExist = true;
      }
      else {
        validInput = false;
        break;
      }
    }
    else if (temp == '/') {
      if (dotExist == false && slashExist == false && i != 0) {
        slashExist = true;
        obj.num=sign*num;
        num = 0;
        sign = 1;
      }
      else {
        validInput = false;
        break;
      }
    }
    else if (temp == '-') {
      if (i == 0){
        sign = -sign;
      }
      else if (inputstr[i-1] == '/') {
        sign = -sign;
      }
      else {
        validInput = false;
        break;
      }
    }
    else if (temp <= '9' && temp >= '0') {
      if (dotExist) {
        if (virtualDenominator > INT_MAX/10) {
          cout << "this frational is too long to handle.";
          validInput = false;
          break;
        }
        else { 
          virtualDenominator *= 10;
        }
      }
      if (num > INT_MAX/10) {
          cout << "this number is too long to handle.";
          validInput = false;
          break;
      }
      num *= 10;
      num += inputstr[i]-'0';
    }
    else {
      validInput = false;
      break;
    }
  }
  
  if (validInput == false) {
    obj.num=0;
    obj.den=1;
    cout << "Input is not valid! The whole set to 0" << endl;
  }
  else {
    if (slashExist == true) {
      obj.den=sign*num;
    }
    else if (dotExist) {
      obj.num=sign*num;
      obj.den=virtualDenominator;
    }
    else {
      obj.num=sign*num;
      obj.den=1;
    }
  }
  obj.simplify();
  return in;
}


int main()
{
	Rational a, b;
	cout << "Please, input rational a, b: ";
	cin >> a>>b;
	cout << a + b<<endl;
	cout << a - b << endl;
	cout << a * b  << endl;
	cout << a / b << endl;
	cout << (a += b) << endl;
	cout << (a -= b) << endl;
	cout << (a == b) << endl;
	cout << (a >= b) << endl;
	cout << (a <= b) << endl;
	cout << (a *= b) << endl;
	cout << (a /= b) << endl;
}