Computer Networks Answers

A processor accesses main memory with an average access time of T2. A smaller cache memory is interposed between the processor and main memory. The cache has a significantly

faster access time of T1<T2. The cache holds, at any time, copies of some main memory words

and is designed so that the words more likely to be accessed in the near future are in the cache. Assume that the probability that the next word accessed by the processor is in the cache is H, known as the hit ratio.

a. For any single memory access, what is the theoretical speedup of accessing the word in the cache rather than in main memory?

b. Let T be the average access time. Express T as a function of T1 , T2, and H. What is the

overall speedup as a function of H?

Using an appropriate diagram:

Differentiate between Moore finite state machine and the mealy

finite state machine

Using an appropriate diagram:

2. Apply the traffic lightning system to describe the term finite state

machine

Using an appropriate diagram:

1. Apply the fetch, decode & execute machine cycle to explain

pipelining and parallelism in the context of computing

a) Write an assembly program using MARIE's assembly Instruction set that prompts the user to enter a non-negative integer that is less than 10. The program should include a subroutine that keeps prompting until a valid value is obtained. When a valid number is entered, it will be displayed. (Hint: Use JNS & JUMPI instructions to implement the subroutine)

N.B: You should include the MARIE code in your Answer, with an explanation of each instruction in your code beside it. Example: Subt One /Subtract 1 from AC

b) Add a screenshot of the simulation, showing the result (A screenshot of the MARIE Simulator window after running the program). Instructions: - Use “ORG” instruction to start your program at address equivalent to 25610. - Use your last university ID number to input the value of X. For example, if your ID is1915161678234, then you will use the number 4 as the value of x. - Do not forget to change the representation of the Input and Output windows in the simulator to Decimal.