Answer to Question #246269 in Computer Networks for Sapalovic

Question

Activity 3: Learning Unit 1‐3: ADDRESSING Q.3.1 Explain why devices on a network need addresses. (5) Q.3.2 Explain the difference between a MAC address and an IP address. You should relate your answer to the OSI model. (6) Q.3.3 Explain how devices get their MAC or IP address. (4) Q.3.4 Explain how a packet gets from one network to another. Your explanation should relate this movement to the IP address format. (5) Q.3.5 As the Internet has expanded, we have run out of IP addresses. Outline TWO ways how this problem has been overcome. 

Answer 1

3.1 Addresses are used to identify devices within a network

3.2 MAC also know as physical address a sublayer of data-link layer 2. MAC is used to uniquely identifies a computer that wants to take part in a network while IP address specifies a particular connection in a network in the network layer number 3

3.3 MAC address is hard-coded built in by the manufacturer of the network adapter while IP address is variable whether private or public that is obtained by the DHCP server.

3.4 Packet is a unit of data routed between host and destination address. Router checks routing table to determine the whether destination address is available and its shortest path in the network, router decides where to send through the best path identified. Each packet has time to live, when the time to live reaches zero, the packet is discarded.

3.5 Internet has already run out of IP addresses since many computers are connected to the internet than the IP version 4 addresses available. To cub this users need to pay for more real IP address than having shared with other computers. Another way is to embrace a new standard IPv6 that uses 128 bits than IPv4 which uses 32 bits