Answer to Question #125411 in Physics for Rahul Ram

Question

Explain Benzoin Condensation with examples

Answer 1

The benzoin condensation is the condensation between two molecules of benzaldehyde to form benzoin in the presence of a cyanide catalyst (e.g., NaCN and KCN) or thiamine (vitamin B). The structure of benzoin is that of a ketone. It consists of acetophenone bearing hydroxy and phenyl substituents at the alpha-position (α‐hydroxyl ketone). Its IUPAC name is 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone with a molecular mass of 212.24 g/mol. A cyanide ion usually catalyzes benzoin condensation. Cyanide is used because it is a good nucleophile, can stabilize the intermediate ion, and is an excellent leaving group. Condensation reactions are called dehydration synthesis reactions because dehydration involves loss of water, while synthesis means producing new compounds.