Answer to Question #113591 in Mechanics | Relativity for DEEPAK SINGH

Question

what are the postulates of special theory of relativity? drive Lorentz transformation equation with their help.
Expert's answer

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Einstein in 1905 created the theory of relativity, which is based on two postulates. They are formulated as follows:

1. With the help of any physical experiments performed in some inertial frame of reference, it is impossible to determine whether this system is at rest or moving uniformly and rectilinearly.

2. The speed of light in a vacuum is the same in all inertial reference frames and does not depend on the movement of the light source or the movement of the consumer.

According to the theory of relativity there is a Lorentz reduction in length:

$l=l_0\sqrt{1-\dfrac{\upsilon^2}{c^2}},$

​ $l_0$ - length of the rod in the frame of reference, relative to which the rod is at rest;

$l$ - is the length of the rod in the frame of reference, relative to which the rod moves.

It should be noted that the size of a body decreases only along its motion, and the relativistic effect of reducing the length becomes noticeable only in the case of motion of the body at a speed comparable to the speed of light.