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State the effect on capacitance of a capacitor if (a) the thickness of the dielectric is doubled.
(B) the effective plate is halved
A clean glass capillary tube, of internal diameter 0.04 cm, is held vertically with its lower end below the surface of clean water in a beaker, and with 10 cm of the tube above the surface. What will happen if the tube is depressed until only 5 cm of its length is above the surface? The surface tension of water is 7.2 x 10-2 Nm-1.
Ethanal and Carbon disulphide are miscible liquid which forms a two-component and two-phase system.

The above mixture shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s law. Draw a labelled phase diagrams to show: (i). The variation of vapour pressure with composition at a constant temperature. (ii). The variation of boiling point with composition at constant pressure
1. (a)Give one property of mixtures of liquids that could lead to the mixture obeying Raoult’s law. (b). Sketch and label the boiling point-composition curve at constant pressure for the mixture of ethanol and methanol
(c). Heptane and octane form an ideal solution. Their saturated vapor pressure at 100
. A mixture of water and sulphuric acid deviates negatively from Raoult’s law. i) State Raoult’s law. ii) What do you understand by negative deviation from Raoult’s law? iii) Explain how a mixture of benzene and ethanol deviate from Raoult’s law. iv) Give one property of mixtures of liquids that could lead to the mixture obeying Raoult’s law
A strip of silicone of area 800nm carries a current of 190 Ma calculate current density
We have a tetrahedron in which five edges are perfect 1-ohm resistors, but the sixth edge is an unknown resistor R.
Find the equivalent resistance between any two vertices. Prove that we need only two resistance measurements to determine the value of R

A battery of three cells in series, each of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.5ohms, is connected to a 2ohms resistor in series with a parallel combination of two 3ohms resistors.Draw the diagram and calculate

1)the effective external resistance

2)the current in the circuit

3)the lost volts in the battery

4)the current in one of the 3ohms resistor.


A battery of three cells in series, each of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.5ohms, is connected to a 2ohms resistor in series with a parallel combination of two 3ohms resistors.Draw the diagram and calculate

1)the effective external resistance

2)the current in the circuit

3)the lost volts in the battery

4)the current in one of the 3ohms resistor.


2 light bulbs are screwed into a circuit on a stand 4m above the ground for everyone to see. The incandescent light bulb transfers 75J of electrical energy, starts at rest, and increases to 6m/s, while the LED lightbulb transfers 40J of electrical energy ,also starts at rest, and increases to 8m/s. Both bulbs are on for 10 mins and weigh a mass of 3kg.
The light bulbs are then brought down from the stand to be observed by the students. Based on your observations, answer the following questions.

a. Determine the electrical energy of each bulb
b. Which bulb is more efficient based off of your observations? By how much?