Question

a reasoned argument as to why a high voltage AC generator should be used rather than a low voltage turbine driven dynamo

Answer 1

Electrical energy can be transmitted over long distances, but there is a problem. A lot of energy is lost in the transmission line wires due to the resistance of the conductors. Consider the formula

$Q=I^2Rt$

The energy that is uselessly dissipated in space is highly dependent on the current, so it is tried to reduce as much as possible.

$I=\frac{U}{R};$

The only way to reduce the current is to increase the voltage. Then the transmitted power does not change.

Is it a reasoned argument?