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1.   What is the momentum of a proton traveling at 𝑣 = 0.68𝑐?



Why are not all energy transitions shown in the emission line spectra?? For example, lithium has multiple energy transitions, however, only has a few line spectra (of which only the visible lines match up with energy level diagram)... so how come some photons don't appear on the spectrum?


In the vacuum of space, how many atomic and sub-atomic particles, gama rays, xrays etc, will penetrate a one inch cube every second, from any direction?/


Does radiation form ions by removing protons from the matter it passes?

the half life of polonium is 140 days percent decrease per week

Compute algebraically the resultant of the

following coplanar forces: 100 N at 30O

, 141.4


N at 45O

, and 100 N at 240O


. Check your


answer graphically.


Cobalt-60, with a half-life of 5.3 years, has a number of

applications, including medical therapy and the sterilization

of medical tools. Determine the mass of a 50 g sample that

would remain after

(a) 6 months

(b) 5 years


How much energy is required to remove one

proton from the nucleus of A = 16, Z = 8, Oxygen? A rough answer

to this question is obtained by giving the binding

energy per nucleon. A better answer is obtained

when we write a reaction that removes a proton

from the nucleus. In this case 16

8O → 1 1p + A = 15. Z= 7, Nitrogen.

Calculate the energy required for this reaction

to take place, known as the proton separation

energy. Compare the two energy values. (The

atomic mass of oxygen is 15.994 u; that of

nitrogen is 15.000 u.)


Find the binding energy and binding energy per

nucleon of the nucleus 62 = A, Z = 28, Nickel . The atomic mass of nickel is 61.928348 u. Please explain step by step.


A moon rock has 3 % of its original Al-26 mass. K/U T/I C

(a) Determine the age of the moon rock.

(b) Discuss any assumptions that must be made when

using this method of dating.


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