Atomic and Nuclear Physics Answers

What are the quantum numbers for the electrons in the lithium atom (Z =

3) when the atom is in its ground state?

and do the Same question as 5 for Sodium (Z = 11).

One of the most prominent spectral lines of Calcium is the one with wavelength 𝜆 = 4226.73 𝐴 𝑜 [transition from 𝑝(𝑙 = 1) to 𝑠(𝑙 = 0)]. Calcium atoms exhibit normal Zeeman patterns when placed in a uniform magnetic field of 4 𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑎. Calculate the wavelength of the three components of a normal Zeeman pattern and the separation between them.

An electron beam in an X-ray tube is accelerated through 40kV and is incident on a tungsten target. What is the shortest wavelength emitted by the tube? 

How many photons per second are emitted by a 7.50𝑚𝑊 𝐶𝑂2 laser that has a wavelength of 10.6𝜇𝑚?

A large number of neon atoms are in thermal equilibrium. What is the ratio of the number of atoms in a 5s state to number in 3p state at (a) 300K; (b) 600K; (c) 1200K? The energy difference between two states is 1.96 eV. (d) at any of these temperatures, the rate at which a neon gas spontaneously emits 632.8nm radiation is quite low. Explain why? 

On 20 July 1969, the astronauts of Apollo 11 placed a reflector on the surface of the moon that with the telescope and electronic equipment on earth allows measurements of the time of flight of laser pulses from earth to the moon and back. Scientists are able to measure the time of flight of laser pulse from earth to the moon and back with an accuracy of one nanosecond. What is the accuracy of the distance to the moon distance?

On 20 July 1969, the astronauts of Apollo 11 placed a reflector on the surface of the moon that with the telescope and electronic equipment on earth allows measurements of the time of flight of laser pulses from earth to the moon and back. Scientists are able to measure the time of flight of laser pulse from earth to the moon and back with an accuracy of one nanosecond. What is the accuracy of the distance to the moon distance?

While conducting a photoelectric-effect experiment with light of a certain

frequency, you find that a reverse potential difference of 1.25 V is required

to reduce the current to zero. Find (a) the maximum kinetic energy and (b)

the maximum speed of the emitted photoelectrons.

Find the minimum magnetic field needed for the Zeeman effect to be observed

in a spectral line of 400 nm wavelength when a spectrometer whose resolution

is 0.01nm is used.

One of the most prominent spectral lines of Calcium is the one with

wavelength 𝜆 = 4226.73 𝐴

𝑜

[transition from 𝑝(𝑙 = 1) to 𝑠(𝑙 = 0)]. Calcium

atoms exhibit normal Zeeman patterns when placed in a uniform magnetic

field of 4 𝑇𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑎. Calculate the wavelength of the three components of a

normal Zeeman pattern and the separation between them.