Question

if the P is low....

a. Reject the H₀

b. Fail to reject H₀

Answer 1

"The low p-value shows the alternative hypothesis $H_1$ is true."

A low p-value provides statistical evidence to reject the null hypothesis—but that doesn't prove the truth of the alternative hypothesis. If your alpha level is 0.05, there's a 5% chance you will incorrectly reject the null hypothesis.

For example: If a jury neglects to convict a litigant, it doesn't demonstrate the respondent is honest: it just methods the arraignment neglected to demonstrate the respondent's blame past a sensible uncertainty.