"f:X \\rightarrow Y" defines that f is function which takes in the value from the set of X and return the values from the set of Y.
For example: "f(x)=x^2"
This function takes in the value from the set of all real numbers but returns the value from the set of all positive numbers.
Similarly, "g:Y\\rightarrow Z" defines that g is function which takes in the value from the set of Y and return the values from the set of Z.
For example: "g(x)=-\\sqrt{x}"
This function takes in the value from the set of all positive numbers but returns the value from the set of all negative numbers.
Similarly, "h:Y\\rightarrow Y" defines that h is a function which takes in the value from the set of Y and also returns the values from the set of Y.
For example: "h(x)=\\sqrt{x}"
This function takes in the value from the set of all positive numbers and also returns the value from the set of all positive numbers.
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