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Countries such as Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania are characterised by… and …

1) a low percentage of the workforce in agriculture; a cold midlatitude climate

2) a high percentage of the workforce in agriculture; a humid tropical climate

3) the dominance of pastoral nomadism; aridisols as primary soil type

4) the dominance of intensive subsistence agriculture; broadleaf deciduous forest as primary biome

5) the dominance of commercial agriculture; desert and desert shrub as dominant biome


Which one of the following statements on the spatial variation of the percentage of the labour force engaged an agriculture is false?

1) Africa is characterised by a relatively high percentage of the labour force engaged in agriculture

2) In India 50% and above of the labour force is engaged in agriculture, while in Canada, less than 5% of the labour force is engaged in agriculture

3) North America is characterised by a relatively low percentage of the labour force engaged in agriculture

4) In developed countries the percentage of the labour force engaged in agriculture is generally much higher than in developing countries

5) South, East and Southeast Asia are characterised by a relatively high percentage of the labour force engaged in agriculture


According to the economic principles governing resource use, ... .

(1) the price consumers are willing to pay for a commodity based on a resource is

unrelated to their desire to have it

(2) the greater the demand for a commodity based on a resource, the lower its price will

be

(3) the costs of pollution control should be carried by end-consumers and not by

producers or manufacturers


characteristic of the spatial distribution pattern and use of fossil energy resources is that

... .

(1) world coal reserves are less abundant than for oil and natural gas

(2) fossil fuel reserves are unevenly distributed over the world

(3) renewable energy resources make a much bigger contribution to the world’s energy

supply than fossil fuels

(4) consumption of fossil fuels is evenly distributed over the world

(5) all existing known fossil fuel deposits will be exhausted by 2030


Which one of the following observations on the occurrence of the phenomenon of

undernourishment in the world is false?

(1) Worldwide the total number of undernourished people increased significantly over

the past few decades.

(2) Since Sub-Saharan Africa is struggling to keep food production ahead of population

growth, the threat of famine is particularly severe in this region.

(3) Although enough food is produced on average to meet the world’s dietary needs,

some developing countries lack food security and are undernourished.

(4) India has by far the largest share of the world’s approximate 800 million

undernourished people




1.  Discuss how conflict hinders human development in Africa in terms of economic and social development.                                             2.Evaluate how corruption and nepotism is stunting the growth of African economies and provide strategies to address this issue thereof.                                                       3. Analyze the role of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their importance to the development of the African continent.  


which one of the following regions is shifting cultivation a prominent form of

agriculture?

(1) South Asia

(2) East Asia

(3) Sub-Saharan Africa

(4) North Africa

(5) Central America


Developing countries are generally characterised by ... compared to developed countries.

(1) a higher share of tertiary sector workers

(2) a smaller share of primary and secondary sector workers

(3) people completing fewer years of school

(4) a higher expenditure on health care

(5) a longer life expectancy of people


Which one of the following alternatives presents an aspect of sustainable agriculture?

(1) increased use of chemicals

(2) ridge tillage

(3) single-product (monoculture) farms

(4) elimination of all cattle farming

(5) large farms and many machine


Which one of the following elements is required on all maps?

(1) bright colours

(2) a scale

(3) names of co


According to the Guinness Book of Records, Dunedin in New Zealand has the steepest

street in the world. In this street, every 2 860 metres travelled horizontally means that the

altitude has risen by 1 kilometre. This is equivalent to a gradient of ... .

(1) 1:1

(2) 1:5.72

(3) 1:28.6

(4) 1:0.286

(5) 1:2.8


small scale is usually appropriate for a map of a relatively … of land and could have a

ratio comparable to … .

(1) small area; 1:100

(2) large area; 1:250 000

(3) small area; 1:250 000

(4) large area; 1:100


2Which one of the following statements regarding map projections is true?

(1) By using modern GIS technology, it is possible to draw a map that has no distortion.

(2) The Mercator projection is conformal implying that it preserves shapes of features.

(3) A projection that distorts shape is not associated with distortions in orientation as

well.

(4) Shapes of features are preserved on equivalent projections.

(5) The distortion in size associated with the Mercator projection decreases poleward.


characteristic of the spatial distribution pattern and use of fossil energy resources is that

... .

(1) world coal reserves are less abundant than for oil and natural gas

(2) fossil fuel reserves are unevenly distributed over the world

(3) renewable energy resources make a much bigger contribution to the world’s energy

supply than fossil fuels

(4) consumption of fossil fuels is evenly distributed over the world

(5) all existing known fossil fuel deposits will be exhausted by 2030


... .