Geography Answers

24. Livelihood assets do not include _____________.

A) None of the below.

B) Physical capital.

C) Human capital.

D) Social capital.

25. Fill in the blank spaces: The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework attempts to illustrate how the ________________ strategies pursued by the rural poor are directly related to their _______________ assets.

A) Poverty and livelihood.

B) Livelihood and poverty.

C) Livelihood and local level.

D) Poverty and local level.

22. The Rural Livelihoods approach used to examine development in rural areas focuses on the interactions between ________________

A) Natural resources and local labour. B) Culture and credit.

C) The socio-economic and political environment.

D) All of the above.

23. The main motivation for land reform to obtain tenure should be_____________.

A) To correct injustices of the past.

B) To produce food or sustain a livelihood.

C) To take from the rich and give to the poor.

D) To give to Chieftaincies for residential purposes.

19. Ghana has the most rapid rates of forest depletion in Africa because of________________.

A) Strong policy measures to protect the forest.

B) Large parts of the forest are protected and reserved.

C) Small fuelwood production industry.

D) Illegal logging of the forest resources.

20. Some southern African countries have a very low life expectancy due to ________________

A) HIV/AIDS.

B) Malaria.

C) Ebola.

D) Colds / flu

21. True or False: Most of Africa’s population resides in urban areas. A) True. B) False.

17. Land degradation is mostly caused by________________

A) Less rainfall over a long period.

B) Limited agricultural activities in an area.

C) Mismanagement of land and taking too much of it.

D) Severe chemical weathering.

18. Considering forest management, which one of the following statements is NOT true about forest resources in Africa?

A) Africa has an estimated forest area of 635 million hectares, representing about 16% of the world’s total forest area.

B) Africa has the most protected and reserved forest area in the world.

C) In terms of the amount of forest per person, Africa has an average of 0.7 hectares, which is higher than Asia (0.1 hectares).

D) The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has the largest total forest area than any African country.

15. Which of the following are regarded as negative effects of rural livelihood diversification?

A) Income distribution and adverse gender effects.

B) Seasonality and risk reduction.

C) Asset improvement and environmental benefits.

D) Gender benefits and higher income.

16. Which one of the following is NOT the cause of desertification in Africa? A) Overgrazing.

B) Lack of drought early warning system.

C) Burning of bushes and deforestation.

D) Long-term decline in rainfall.

7. Land degradation is mostly caused by________________

A) Less rainfall over a long period.

B) Limited agricultural activities in an area.

C) Mismanagement of land and taking too much of it.

D) Severe chemical weathering.

14. Which two of the following sentences about the causes of water concern in South Africa are true?

1. Large parts of South Africa are semi-arid with insatiable demand for water for drinking, industry, and mining.

2. South Africa lacks sufficient rivers and lakes to supply fresh water.

3. The conflict between Lesotho and South Africa has obstructed water supply from the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP).

4. South Africa’s high population growth has increased the demand of water in both rural and urban settlements.

13. Which one of the following is a typical characteristic of the desert biome on the African continent?

A) The largest environmental region in Africa and is characterised by a significant dry season with three to eight months of drought and heavy rainfall at other times.

B) Southern Africa, where an interior area of high elevation and moderate rainfall produces a landscape that is largely covered by grasses and occasional trees.

C) Desert biome is found in isolated mountainous areas, such as the Ethiopian Highlands and parts of East Africa.

D) A region characterised by sparse vegetation, poor soils, high temperatures and low rainfall.

9. The position of international boundaries has caused many problems across the African continent such as;

A) All of the below.

B) Boundary disputes in various places and at various points in time over resources.

C) Ethnical disputes between different groups.

D) Unending conflict.

10. Africa’s territorial cake was divided at the … conference in 1887-1888?

A) Glasgow.

B) Paris.

C) Berlin.

D) Moscow.

11. Measuring inequality and unemployment in Africa____________________

A) Would be difficult to achieve because of the lack of reliable data. B) Would be easy to achieve because of improved technology.

C) Would be difficult to achieve because of a lack of volunteers.

D) Would be easy to achieve because of democratic states.

12. Majority of Africa’s population live in…

A) Rural areas.

B) Urban areas.

C) Informal settlements.

D) Shanty towns.

6. Water is an important resource in Africa because it is;

A) All of the below.

B) The core of sustainable development and is critical for socio economic development.

C) An irreplaceable resource that is fundamental to human wellbeing.

D) Only renewable if well managed.

7. The impacts of urbanization in terms of service delivery and unemployment in African cities;

A) Leads to influx of new developments.

B) Decreases competition for employment opportunities.

C) Overwhelms local government, leading to poor service delivery.

D) Restores critical infrastructure.

8. Indigenous Knowledge Systems can be defined as;

A) Local knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society.

B) Community based systems providing socio-cultural information necessary for community survival within the community’s local environmental, geographical and cultural context.

C) A system that facilitates communication and decision making within a community.

D) All of the above.