Answer to Question #221758 in English for smiley

Question

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviours, skills, values, attitudes and preferences. The result of the learning process is a relatively permanent change in the way of perceiving things and behaviours (Figurska & Sokol 2016). Define the terms “incidental” and “explicit” learning and provide an example relating to each term.

Answer 1

Incidental learning refers to learning that is unplanned or unintended when it takes place. It comes about while engaging in an activity and also develops as a byproduct of planned learning. It always happens in context of another experience or activity and thus could also imply the acquisition of knowledge is subconscious in nature. An example of incidental learning is when a person visits another country where people speak an entirely different language from their own and the person happens to learn random vocabulary from the various interactions they find themselves in.

Explicit learning is learning that is conscious and deliberate. In explicitly learning, a learner consciously and selectively attempts to read a material or solve a problem. Learners also learn explicitly via given or assimilated rules by following explicit instruction. An example of explicit learning is when a learner sets out to test a hypothesis.