The history of exploration has until recently been dominated by two sorts of historical writing: biographies, which of necessity focus on the life and personality of individual explorers, and somewhat Whiggish general histories, which have tended to celebrate the triumph of modern geographical science over the mysteries of the earth .
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The Welsh-American explorer Henry Morton Stanley was one of the most important figures in the foundation and early development of the Congo Free State. But he was also the most consistently popular European travel writer of the late nineteenth century, and his bestselling accounts of African expeditions did much to foster the ‘myth of the Dark Continent’.
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