Answer to Question #174114 in English for Lucy

Question

1). Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) once said “The greatest goal is to achieve the greatest happiness for as many people as possible.” Clearly explain what he meant by such a statement. CR(5 Marks)

Question 2 a) Business Ethics can be defined as the principles and standards that determine acceptable conduct in business organizations. The acceptability of behavior in business is determined by quite a number of actors. Kindly examine any four of them.

AN(10 Marks)

Answer 1

1.     “The greatest goal is to achieve the greatest happiness for as many people as possible.”

Jeremy Bentham used the theory of utilitarianism to explain his opinion on the extent to which things or actions promote general happiness. He argued that what is morally obligatory is that which produces the most significant amount of happiness for the greatest number of people, happiness being determined by reference to the presence of pleasure and the absence of pain. Bentham argues that the principle of utility implies that the principle which approves or disapproves of every action whatsoever, according to the tendency in which it appears to diminish the happiness of the party whose interest is in question or, what is the same thing, in other words, to promote or to oppose that happiness. And Bentham emphasizes that this applies to every action whatsoever. He finally states that anything which does not maximize the greatest happiness is therefore morally wrong.

2.     Quite several actors determine the acceptability of behavior in business. Kindly examine any four of them.

The acceptability of behavior in business is determined by not only the organization but also stakeholders such as;

a)     Customers; customer service ethics are the moral principles that govern a company's conduct with its customers, potential customers, and ex-customers. They are based on a particular set of values relating to what is "right" or "wrong.

b)     Government regulators; the government has to establish and enforce ethical and moral standards to ensure that the society functions well. Decision-making is the government's chief role. Therefore, it must make ethical and moral considerations to make decisions that are in line with society's welfare.

c)     Competitors; do have national and international contractual agreements when it comes to their products and services; thus, they also have moral and ethical considerations when it comes to doing business activities and privacy rights.

d)    The Public; The public sector's values will characterize how to determine how business ethics are observed.