Listening and reading should be approached as a three-way process for effective comprehension of information. The three processes can be categorized as pre-reading/listening, while-reading/listening, and post-reading/listening.
1. Pre-reading/listening involves preparing for reading or listening before interacting with the speaker or a book. The audience or reader is expected to familiarize themselves with the task at hand. It is always brief and inviting.
2. While-reading/listening involves activities to be done while listening or reading. This may include taking notes and paying attention to details. The listener or reader may make inferences on particular information.
3. Post-reading/listening involves recalling the information leaned from the listening session or reading. It jogs the memory of the reader or listener. It is supposed to help them comprehend the information they have encountered and research on the unfamiliar content.
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