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Differentiate nominal GDP from real GDP.


Explain the three approaches in measuring GDP: expenditure approach, income approach, production approach.


With the specific reference to the current Russian-Ukrainian war, Discuss both the positive and the negative impacts of international trading


1. Examine the current ten years development plan in Ethiopia. Identify its strengths and weaknesses.


2. Some scholars argue that the current Ethiopian economy seems that it is in “underdevelopment trap,” or long-term stagnation situation. Suggest and elaborate possible development theories that help the country to overcome the obstacles for its development.


3. Government statistical results show that there has been remarkable economic growth in Ethiopia during the last couple of decades or so. However, some proportion of the population has been complaining that they become poorer “despite the observed economic growth”. Evaluate the economic performance observed in the last couple of decades in Ethiopia in development economic terms.







Review (closed economy)

C=C0 +0*8 yd

I=150-10i

G=250

T=200

Ms=100

Md=40+0.ıy -10i

A) Write the equation for IS

B)Write the equation for LM

C) Find the equilibrium valuer for income, Y, and interest rate, İ, (IS/LM)

D)Suppose that, investment is completely interest inelastic , Write new IS-LM equations?

E) Find new equilibrium values for income and interest rates

F) Draw IS-LM diagrams


 Consider a closed-economy IS-LM model. Assume initially the economy is at medium-run equilibrium. Discuss with the help of graphs the effects of a decrease in consumer sentiment for output, interest rates and price level in the short run as well as in the medium run. Be sure to explain how the economy transitions from short run to the medium run.


What impact did an increase in prices of petrol, dissel have in the South African economy as a whole...which sectors affected the most as due to the War in between Russia and Ukrain

Draw the Philips Curve in 1980 with the economy facing stagflation, Label this point "A''

Show the short-run results of Chairman Volcker's leadership on the Philips curve, Label this point of short-run equilibrium point "B" and indicate new inflation and unemployment rate .


In 2020, Melokuhle earned a salary of R20 000 a month and paid an income tax of R2 800; his salary increased to R25 000 a month, and he now pays an income tax of R3 100. This is an example of a…



regressive tax.

b.

proportional tax.

c.

progressive tax.

d.

general tax


Examine the markets and/or industries in your area.






Describe each one, and categorize it in terms of being pure competition,






pure monopoly, monopolistic competition, or oligopoly.






Which type of market is most common? How do you explain this?

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